Effective use and Transformation of organic /agriculture Waste for Energy Recovery along with Zero Carbon Footprint

Abstract

The different types of organic waste/ pollutants are mainly generated from the various industries, specifically in the sectors of paper, fertilizer, silk, textiles, food processing, pharmaceuticals, oil refineries, sugar, distillers, brewery, cotton etc. The main pollutants from such industries are particulate matter, waste water, which contains carbohydrates, protein, lipids and oxides of Sulphur, nitrogen, carbon, which are continuously raising soil, water and air pollution index of state. Such type of pollution can be reduced by the proper utilization of organic waste/pollutants for the purpose of energy generation; due to the organic matter has immense potential for energy recovery. One of the latest technologies is microbial fuel cell technology (MFC). MFC is a modern alternative renewable energy resource for wastewater treatment and contaminants reduction. The mechanisms of MFC are based on oxidation – reduction, where microbes like bacteria, fungi and cynobacteria will catalyze oxidation of organic substrate and electron donor at the anode or removed at the cathode as electron acceptor through reduction. It is a device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy during conversion of complex organic matter, which is used as substrate by microorganism, where bioelectricity can be produced, under low cost and in ecofriendly manner which can be beneficial to reduce the carbon footprint in future.