Effect of Different Number of Glutamic Acid Containing Peptide on Biomineralization and Cell Proliferation

Abstract

Bone organic matrix is formed primarily collagen type I, bone cells and non-collagenous proteins while inorganic matrix is formed by calcium phosphate crystals mainly in the form of hydroxyapatite. Most bone diseases occur due to abnormalities of calcium and phosphate homeostasis and deficiencies during remodeling. Due to the limited osteoinductive capacity of scaffolds, mineralization and osteointegration of these scaffolds are limited. Therefore, bioactive peptides are widely used for scaffold modification to stimulate their influence. In the literature, it is shown that surface modification with glutamic acid templated peptides is effective on nucleation and crystallization of hydroxyapatite. The aim of this study was to evaluate thr effect of surface modification with various number of glutamic acids containing peptides on cell viability, proliferation and mineralization. PLGA (Poly-lactide-co-glycolide) electrospun nanofibers (NFs) were conjugated with peptides including different repetitive glutamic acid and mineralized into SBF (stimulated body fluid). Then, MSCs (Mesencymal Stem Cells) were seeded on NFs. Mineralization amount on NFs were evaluated by Ca Assay and XRD (X-Ray diffraction). It was observed that proliferation and mineralization were significantly higher on the two glutamic acid (GLU) containing peptide conjugated groups compared to other groups.