Updates in Nursing Interventions of Pediatric Angiography: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Background and Aim: Children with heart defects who need angiography are increasing. They have high anxiety and stress. Implementing an effective program for children undergoing angiography is one of the tasks of nurses. This article aims at reviewing nursing interventions for children under angiography. Materials and Methods: Elsevier, SID, Magiran, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched using keywords such as coronary angiography, nonpharmacological interventions, nursing interventions, pediatric, infant, children, and complementary therapies during 19842021. From 60 studies in the initial search, 12 studies were maintained. Results: Several solutions can reduce stress in children under angiography including music therapy and play therapy such as digital games, distraction, and relaxation therapy. Conclusion: Pediatric nursing interventions under angiography can play an effective role in the recovery process. Children undergoing angiography have interventions to reduce stress according to their developmental age. Depending on the environmental, psychological, and social conditions of the child, solutions can be adopted and implemented so that children and their parents experience less stress.