Customizing GPSR for wireless sensor networks

Jing Chen, Y. Guan, U. Pooch
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引用次数: 22

Abstract

Several problems are required to be fixed in order to apply the geographical routing protocol greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR) in wireless sensor networks. First, GPSR is designed under the assumption of symmetric links (i.e., bidirectional reachability) which is not realistic for many practical sensor networks. Second, in sensor networks, packet destinations are often marked with locations instead of identifiers like IP address and therefore packets are routed to the home node which is the node geographically closest to the destined location. GPSR is not efficient in identifying the home node when the target location is outside the exterior perimeter of the sensor network. Third, due to the dynamic nature of sensor networks, maintaining data consistency, that is, data retrieved from the home node for a location should be consistent with the data sent to the same location, becomes a challenge when home nodes change. We propose on-demand GPSR (OD-GPSR), a data driven geographical routing protocol customized for sensor networks with solutions to the above three problems. Simulation results show that OD-GPSR performs well in terms of energy efficiency and packet delivery rate at the cost of a little more packet delivery delay.
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定制无线传感器网络的GPSR
在无线传感器网络中应用地理路由协议贪婪周边无状态路由(GPSR)需要解决几个问题。首先,GPSR是在对称链路(即双向可达)的假设下设计的,这对于许多实际的传感器网络来说是不现实的。其次,在传感器网络中,数据包目的地通常标有位置,而不是像IP地址这样的标识符,因此数据包被路由到主节点,即地理上最接近目标位置的节点。当目标位置在传感器网络外周时,GPSR识别主节点的效率不高。第三,由于传感器网络的动态性,当归属节点发生变化时,保持数据一致性(即从归属节点检索到的某个位置的数据应与发送到同一位置的数据一致)成为一项挑战。我们提出按需GPSR (OD-GPSR),这是一种针对传感器网络定制的数据驱动地理路由协议,解决了上述三个问题。仿真结果表明,OD-GPSR在能量效率和数据包传输速率方面表现良好,但代价是数据包传输延迟稍微增加。
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