International experience in training civil defense commissioners in educational institutions

Abstract

The article considers the foreign experience of the activities and forms of training of civil defense commissioners who perform their functions in educational institutions in Israel, the USA and Germany. The basis for the study was an increase in the likelihood of large-scale emergencies (radiation accidents, explosions, fires), escalation of military conflicts near the borders of Russia and the emergence of new types of threats (pandemic of COVID-19, school shooting, etc.), which in turn revealed a contradiction between the need to train civil defense commissioners, taking into account the specifics of educational institutions capable of planning and implementing measures to protect against a wide range of threats, and the lack of adequate forms and methods developed., as well as the lack of research in this area. Hence, there was a need to turn to foreign-language literature covering various aspects of the training of specialists in the field of civil defense, operating in educational institutions and not included to date in the Russian-language database, in the domestic scientific and practical circulation. The research methodology is based on systematic, comparative, hermeneutical approaches. The key to the study was the publication method based on the assessment of the content and dynamics of publications relative to the object of study. The analysis of foreign sources allowed us to conclude that there is a global trend towards expanding the labor functions of civil defense specialists of educational institutions in the areas of creating comprehensive protection against most threats, prioritizing interaction with authorities and focusing on the psychological impact of emergencies on students. In turn, the analysis of the training of specialists in civil defense abroad allows us to talk about the variety of forms and methods of training, the priority of which is due to the military-political, geological-geographical or social characteristics of each country. Nevertheless, the general vector of the development of the training of the studied specialists is the consistency, consistency of training, the use of information and communication technologies (ICT), a high level of monitoring of the emergence of new dangers and the corresponding development of the educational environment with an emphasis on the system of continuing education, as well as the expansion of ties in the professional community.