A Linear Programming Approach to Optimize Demand Response for Water Systems under Water Demand Uncertainties

Abstract

Worldwide efforts to accelerate energy transition require consumers acting like prosumers in energy markets. Demand side management is believed to facilitate the integration of high share of renewables into the electric power grid, and contributes to the reduction of $CO_{2}$ emissions by reducing peak power load. Drinking Water Systems, by the presence of storage units and variable speed pumps, can address energy efficiency mechanisms such as Demand Response. In this paper, we use linear programming to optimize pump schedules in Drinking Water Systems while trading Demand Response in a spot power market during peak times. Uncertainties about water demands are taken into account in the mathematical model allowing to propose power reductions in the day-ahead spot power market, covering potential risks of real-time water demand forecasting inaccuracy.