Adolescente com alto risco para Psicose (“Ultra High Risk”): uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Many psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia can start with attenuated psychotic symptoms and / or declining social and occupational functions. People who present with these “prodromal” characteristics are described as being at Ultra High Risk (UHR) for psychosis. Due to the impact that these disorders have on their quality of life, it is important to review the existing literature. The aim was to conduct an integrative review on UHR and its impact on the quality of life in children and adolescents. METHODS: Searched for articles in the Pubmed database in the period 2010-2019 with the following descriptors: "Psychotic Disorders", "Risk Factors", "Schizophrenia", "Clinical Diagnosis". RESULTS: The search selected 10 articles and an Australian guideline Orygen, of which seven were selected for the present review after analysis. According to the results found, several psychotic disorders may have prodromal characteristics that are the same as Ultra High Risk (UHR). CONCLUSION: Patients with psychosis have worsened quality of life and more unfavorable prognosis, therefore, UHR present an opportunity for intervention to prevent the onset of the first psychotic episode. In clinical trials conducted with UHR patients, both the duration and periods of intervention have been relatively short. Thus, the question remains whether this intervention in the productive phase is effective over time. There should be more discussion about the cost benefit of treatments in UHR patients.