Hierarchical Frequency Control in Multi-Area Power Systems with Prioritized Utilization of Inverter Based Resources

Abstract

We propose a new hierarchical frequency control design for multi-area power system models integrated with renewable energy resources. Primary control is proposed based on fast re-dispatch of available headroom in the renewable capacity following a contingency. Secondary control is applied using a new optimization-based approach named Area Prioritized Power Flow (APPF). The APPF methodology prioritizes and maximizes the utilization of area-specific Inverter Based Resources (IBRs). Results are validated using simulations of a 9-machine, 6-IBR, 33-bus, 3-area power system model to show that APPF ensures better steady-state performance, while the hierarchical actuation of IBR setpoints improves the dynamic frequency response performance. The overall scheme mitigates a disturbance faster and more efficiently by prioritizing the use of local area-resources.