{"title":"KIBITZ: the design of a bridge-bidding program utilizing simulated human judgement","authors":"M. Graff","doi":"10.1145/503506.503512","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The design of a program utilizing simulated human judgement to bid bridge hands is presented. The program is a new application of a technique developed by Peter G. Ossorio and H. Joel Jeffrey, which transforms a body of expert judgements into orthogonal matrices referred to as \"judgement spaces\". The process by which the bids are produced is compared to the operation of a finite state machine: the states reflect the condition of the auction, the bids themselves move the machine from one state to the other, and the characteristics of the bridge hands -- as perceived by the experts -- control the state-to-state transitions. A description of the mechanics of bridge bidding is appended.","PeriodicalId":258426,"journal":{"name":"ACM-SE 17","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1979-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACM-SE 17","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1145/503506.503512","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abstract
The design of a program utilizing simulated human judgement to bid bridge hands is presented. The program is a new application of a technique developed by Peter G. Ossorio and H. Joel Jeffrey, which transforms a body of expert judgements into orthogonal matrices referred to as "judgement spaces". The process by which the bids are produced is compared to the operation of a finite state machine: the states reflect the condition of the auction, the bids themselves move the machine from one state to the other, and the characteristics of the bridge hands -- as perceived by the experts -- control the state-to-state transitions. A description of the mechanics of bridge bidding is appended.
介绍了一种利用模拟人的判断来叫牌的程序设计。该程序是Peter G. Ossorio和H. Joel Jeffrey开发的技术的新应用,该技术将专家判断体转换为称为“判断空间”的正交矩阵。产生出价的过程与有限状态机的操作相比较:状态反映了拍卖的条件,出价本身将机器从一种状态移动到另一种状态,并且桥牌手的特征-由专家感知-控制状态到状态的转换。对桥牌招牌的机制作了说明。