Influence of esterification and neutralization in the production of biodiesel: a comparison study

Ajadi Ik, Abdullahi Nb, Musa Q, Hassan Y, Oyegoke T
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Abstract

The challenges of emission of greenhouse gases (GhG) have triggered researchers all over the world to come up with alternative fuel sources that reduce greenhouse gas emissions. One of such alternatives is Biodiesel production from Neem and Jatropha seed oils. However, the presence of Free Fatty Acids (FFA) in the oil obtained from these seeds reduces the yield of produced biodiesel. Two common methods proposed in previous literature to reduce the free fatty acids value are the Esterification and Neutralization methods. This study focused on comparing the esterification and neutralization method as a preliminary stage of biodiesel production from Neem seed and Jatropha seed oils, in an effort to advance biodiesel production in terms of yield from its process. The Neem and Jatropha seed oils were esterified with concentrated sulphuric acid and were tested for free fatty acids. Both seed oils were then refined via the degumming process, after which they were neutralized with sodium hydroxide. The study shows the neutralization method with a yield of 96% and 94% for Neem seed oil and Jatropha seed oil respectively to be more efficient than the Esterification method which produced a yield of 93.2% for Neem seed oil and 91.4% for Jatropha seed oil.
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酯化和中和对生物柴油生产影响的比较研究
温室气体排放的挑战促使世界各地的研究人员提出了减少温室气体排放的替代燃料来源。其中一种替代品是用印度楝树和麻疯树种子油生产生物柴油。然而,从这些种子中获得的油中游离脂肪酸(FFA)的存在降低了生产的生物柴油的产量。以往文献中提出的降低游离脂肪酸值的两种常用方法是酯化法和中和法。本研究的重点是比较印度楝籽和麻疯树籽油的酯化和中和法作为生产生物柴油的初级阶段,以期从其工艺的产量方面推进生物柴油的生产。用浓硫酸酯化印楝树和麻疯树籽油,测定其游离脂肪酸。然后通过脱胶过程提炼两种种子油,然后用氢氧化钠中和。研究表明,中和法对印楝籽油和麻疯树籽油的收率分别为96%和94%,比酯化法对印楝籽油和麻疯树籽油的收率分别为93.2%和91.4%更有效。
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