Transport and logistics schemes of cargo transportation including customs operations carried out in sea ports

Abstract

The article considers the technological features of cargo handling processes in the seaport. The activities of customs authorities and other participants in transport and logistics schemes at maritime checkpoints have been studied. The customs procedures under which the imported goods are placed, namely the release for domestic consumption (code IM40) and customs transit (code IM80) are considered. Other customs procedures make a very small proportion of the total volume of goods. It is stated that the actions for which the customs authorities and the operator of the cargo terminal are responsible are aggregated or carried out in parallel, although both options for actions can potentially cause delays. There have been collected the data on customs and port operations for the same period and for the same consignments, identified by the numbers of cargo manifests, transport documents, transit declarations, declarations for goods, orders for inspection or examining the containers in order to link the information collected from the customs authorities with the information from the cargo terminal operator for the same shipments. The analysis of transport and logistics schemes for importing the goods by sea into the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union and placing them under the customs procedure of customs transit using road and rail transport, as well as under the customs procedure of release for domestic consumption was carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the specific features of schemes for the goods transportation by sea when imported into the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union and their placement under various customs procedures.