KELEA activated water as an alternative to stem cell injections in regenerative medicine

Abstract

The original intent of stem cell therapies was to provide patients with undifferentiated cells that could differentiate into the specific types of specialized cells, which were either absent or dysfunctional in the patients.1 Basically, the stem cells were intended to replenish the body with a fresh source of specific types of normally functioning cells. This goal clearly applied to the grafting of bone marrow cells into leukemia patients after the patients received radiation or chemotherapy.2 Ideally, the donors of the bone marrow derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are genetically closely related to the individual recipients of the donor cells to minimize possible graft-versus-host and host-versusgraft immunological reactions.3 Replicating cells obtained from very early embryos are naturally destined to generate progeny cells that can collectively differentiate into all types of specialized cells.4,5 These very primitive replicating cells, however, retain the potential of developing into a teratoma and other tumors. There is a requirement, therefore, to somewhat genetically restrict these cells before they are clinically used as pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESC).6 There is also an ethical issue in sacrificing human embryos as the source of therapeutic cells. This latter concern has been avoided by showing that cellular differentiation is a reversible process. Thus, mature cells obtained from an adult can be induced by genetic reprogramming into a more primitive or embryonic cell type.7 As with ESC, these induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), also have to be genetically restricted from potentially becoming tumors. Methods for reliably achieving this safety goal for primitive stem cells are not convincingly proven and this has delayed progress in the common use of iPSC. This barrier has not, however, prevented the extensive use of therapeutic cells other than ESC and iPSC.