{"title":"Chemistry in Ice-Confined Space","authors":"T. Okada","doi":"10.5189/revpolarography.67.57","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"When an aqueous solution freezes, solutes are expelled from ice crystals and accumulate in the grain boundary space. The solutes dissolve to form a freeze concentrated solution (FCS) at temperature higher than the eutectic point of the system. It is known that the FCS is involved in various reactions of environmental and atmospheric importance. We have found interesting phenomena occurring in the FCS using a variety of analytical methods, such as chromatography, electrophoresis, fluorescence spectroscopy and lifetime measurements, X-ray spectroscopy, voltammetry etc. Here, we present some of them and discuss the ice-confinement effects on the chemical processes in the FCS.","PeriodicalId":305513,"journal":{"name":"Review of Polarography","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Review of Polarography","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5189/revpolarography.67.57","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
When an aqueous solution freezes, solutes are expelled from ice crystals and accumulate in the grain boundary space. The solutes dissolve to form a freeze concentrated solution (FCS) at temperature higher than the eutectic point of the system. It is known that the FCS is involved in various reactions of environmental and atmospheric importance. We have found interesting phenomena occurring in the FCS using a variety of analytical methods, such as chromatography, electrophoresis, fluorescence spectroscopy and lifetime measurements, X-ray spectroscopy, voltammetry etc. Here, we present some of them and discuss the ice-confinement effects on the chemical processes in the FCS.
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