A Theoretical Model

Abstract

region (insula) were associated with the receiving of negative feedback for English than for Chinese, both kinds of brain activation differences were positively correlated with the scores of EHQ, implying the success or failure in learning English can have more emotional and motivational implications than its experimental equivalents in Chinese. Taken together, the present study indicated that the emotional, motivational, and cognitive brain processes of the positive academic emotions for learning English mainly embodied in the stages for making mental preparation for learning or testing and for processing feedback on memory performance, but not in the actual learning and testing processes. To be fond of learning may not mean a kind of pure enjoyment, rather it is something that started with bitterness and ended with sweetness.