Deleuze and Transfeminism

H. Stark, T. Laurie
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

In a variety of otherwise disparate social and cultural contexts, the figure of the transitioning body has been taken up not simply as the moniker for groups with specific political demands, but as a "fuzzy" sign invested with broad collectives hopes for world-historical transformations around the categories of sex and gender. As an umbrella term, transgender has been used to group people together "across fine gradations of trans experience and identity", in ways that "build the experienced reality of a shared community, with overlapping intersectional social needs and political goals" (Williams 2014: 234). In stressing departure rather than arrival, Julian Carter evokes a notion of transition which is non-teleological, in which "transition" instead is understood as one of the ways in which people "move across socially defined boundaries away from an unchosen gender category" (Carter 2014: 235). Noting the "popular cultural preoccupation" with the terminology of "trans;• Pearce et al. follow Nae! Bhanji in exploring the valences that "transition" has acquired: transgression, transmutation, transmorgification, and so on (see Bhanji 2012; Pearce et al. 2018: 2). Just as the diasporic subject became, within certain Anglo-American fields of scholarly inquiry, a widely legible metonym for wider phenomena of cultural, economic, and political globalization (see Cho 2007), so too have trans rights become metonymic for tectonic shifts in the role of both the State and more diffuse social institutions (such as media industries) in recognizing and regulating gender-based social identities.1 To see transgender celebrity Laverne Cox on the cover of Cosmopolitan in South Africa (February, 2018) is to be reassured that gatekeepers of gender norms are themselves transitioning from one worldview to another-from binary to multiplicity, identity to fluidity, conformity to self-expression, and so on. The metonymic signs of trans acceptance seem to arrive from a utopian near-future, one that is slowly trickling its way into a present restless for change.
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德勒兹与跨性别女性主义
在各种不同的社会和文化背景下,过渡身体的形象不仅被视为具有特定政治需求的群体的绰号,而且被视为一种“模糊”的符号,它被赋予了围绕性和性别类别的世界历史转型的广泛集体希望。作为一个总括性的术语,跨性别者被用来将人们“跨越跨性别经历和身份的细微层次”,以“建立一个共享社区的经验现实,具有重叠的交叉社会需求和政治目标”的方式(Williams 2014: 234)。在强调离开而不是到达时,朱利安·卡特唤起了一个非目的论的过渡概念,在这个概念中,“过渡”被理解为人们“跨越社会定义的界限,远离未选择的性别类别”的一种方式(卡特2014:235)。注意到“流行文化关注”与“跨性别”的术语;•Pearce等人遵循Nae!Bhanji探讨了“过渡”所获得的价值:越界、嬗变、变形等等(见Bhanji 2012;Pearce et al. 2018: 2)。正如流散主体在某些英美学术研究领域成为文化、经济和政治全球化更广泛现象的易读转喻(见Cho 2007)一样,跨性别权利也成为国家和更分散的社会机构(如媒体行业)在承认和调节基于性别的社会认同方面角色的结构性转变的转喻看到变性名人拉弗恩·考克斯登上南非《Cosmopolitan》杂志的封面(2018年2月),让人放心的是,性别规范的看门人自己也在从一种世界观过渡到另一种世界观——从二元到多元,从身份到流动性,从一致性到自我表达,等等。接受变性人的转喻迹象似乎来自一个乌托邦式的近未来,一个正在慢慢地进入一个渴望改变的当下。
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