Technical Path Analysis of Government Asset Measurement and Reporting

Liu Xiumei, Huang Jiangyu
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Abstract

In order to promote the fiduciary responsibility of the public sector and strengthen the effective management of government assets, the Chinese governments at all levels should not only prepare reports on state-owned assets, but also prepare comprehensive financial reports based on accrual basis after 2020. The authenticity and reliability of government assets information directly affect the effective implementation of these two reforms, and the quality of assets information is highly dependent on the accrual basis of accounting measurement and reporting. Accrual basis accounting and reporting are relatively mature and scientific technology in business. China attempts to apply this business approach directly to public sector measurement and reporting of government assets. However, there is a natural difference between government assets and commercial assets. Asset measurement and reporting techniques are more complex in the practice of public sector asset management. From four dimensions of concept, scope, method selection and implementation effect, this article analysis asset identification, asset value, assets cost allocation and asset report path, and draw lessons from international experience, combined with China's actual situation, analysis the problems existing in the government assets measurement and reporting. In order to provide effective asset management reform must practice guidance, the article put forward the corresponding solution path.
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政府资产计量与报告技术路径分析
为了促进公共部门的信义责任,加强对政府资产的有效管理,中国各级政府在编制国有资产报告的同时,在2020年以后,还要编制以权责发生制为基础的综合财务报告。政府资产信息的真实性和可靠性直接影响到这两项改革的有效实施,而资产信息的质量高度依赖于权责发生制的会计计量和报告。权责发生制会计和报告是企业中较为成熟和科学的技术。中国试图将这种商业方法直接应用于公共部门对政府资产的衡量和报告。然而,政府资产和商业资产之间存在着天然的区别。在公共部门资产管理实践中,资产计量和报告技术更为复杂。本文从概念、范围、方法选择和实施效果四个维度,分析了资产识别、资产价值、资产成本分摊和资产报告路径,并借鉴国际经验,结合中国实际情况,分析了政府资产计量报告中存在的问题。为了给资产管理改革提供有效的必须实践指导,文章提出了相应的解决路径。
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