Prediction of Fetal Macrosomia in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus through measuring the umbilical cord thickness and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels

Abstract

Background : Diabetes mellitus, one of the most prevalent medical issues, has emerged as a serious concern to pregnant women. It is linked to a number of maternal and fetal issues, including delivery traumas, perinatal death, shoulder dystocia, macrosomia, and operating room interference. Early prediction of fatal complications will improve outcome and reduce perinatal mortality. Aim and objectives : To determine whether glycated hemoglobin and umbilical cord thickness in pregnant women with diabetes can accurately predict fetus ' s macrosomia. Patients and methods : A 6-month prospective observational research study was performed on 100 women with gestational diabetes who were 28 e 29-week pregnant at Al-Hussein University Hospital. Patients had a thorough medical history review, an ultrasound assessment, and an ultrasonography examination. Result : Glycated hemoglobin and Umbilical Cord Thickness (UCT) at 27 e 28 weeks and 36 e 37 weeks of gestation were signi fi cantly different across the three groups that were examined. Conclusion : Severe obstetric problems, including shoulder dystocia and postpartum hemorrhage, are caused by mac-rosomia. There are times when it is dif fi cult to foresee shoulder dystocia. The group most at risk for these issues may be found, however, using macrosomia prediction. There have been documented studies using sonographic measurement for predicting fetal macrosomia. Fetal macrosomia is well predicted by the thickness of the umbilical cord and the fetal fat layer.