Isoprenoid Quinone Composition of the Genus Microbacterium and Related Strains

Abstract

Coryneform bacteria classification in Bergy’s Manual of Bacteriology [1] accommodate different genera as Cellumonas, Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium and Microbacterium described as incertea sedis. Other motile plant pathogens were added to coryneform group [2,3]. Numerical phonetic studies improved classification of coryneform [4,5]. Other markers were used to improve taxonomic position of coryneform bacteria such as DNA base composition determination [4,6-10], wall analysis [11-15] and mycolic acid analysis [2,15,16]. The use of additional marker (isoprenoid quinone) was recommended by [16,17] to improve classification of coryneform and related taxa. The analysis of the isoprenoid quinone of coryneform bacteria has been a useful aid to establish the taxonomic relatedness of bacterial strains [2, 3,17-20]. These quinines can be divided into menaquinones and ubiquinones abbreviation of their data is given in (Figure1a). Substantial investigation amongst coryneform have been carried out on the distribution of quinines bearing isoprenoid side chain. Bacterial quinones of this type can be sub-divided into menaquinones (2 methyl-3-polyisoprenyl 1-1,44 naphthoquinones and ubiquinones (co-enzyme Q; 12,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1-6polyprenyl-1-1,4 benzoquinone (Figure1b). The menaquinones (related to vitamin K) show structural variation at C-2 and ,more especially, at C-3.Variation at C-3 include the length and degree of un-saturation of the polyprenyl side-chain [22] and the presence of hydroxyl [21] and epoxide groups [22]. Similarly, ubiquinones show variation principally in the structure of polyprenyl sidechain [23]. Therefore, the structure of these compound might be of great value in classification of coryneform and related bacteria [23]. Other studies demonstrated that organisms can be clustered based on the isoprenoid side chain of the menaquinones [2,3,20,24,25]. From their analysis Minnikin et al [22] concluded that MK_8(H2) was the major menaquinones of the animal associate corynebacterium. Microbacterium flavum, with consistently shows affinities with the animal associated corynebacteria in numerical phonetic studies, also contains MK-8(H2). They also reported that Micro bacterium ammoniaphilum contained MK-9(H2). Isoprenoid quinines are membrane-bound compounds (lipid molecules) found in nearly all living organisms. It marked structural variation depending upon the microbial taxon [27-30]. Therefore, organisms can be clustered based on isoprenoid side chain of their menaquinones. and hence differentiation between various taxa could be improved [3,17,18,27]. *Corresponding author: Moh’d Nizar Battikhi, 1017-1645 De Maisonneuve O, Montreal H3H 2N3, QC, Canada. Received Date: June 12, 2019 Published Date: July 12, 2019 ISSN: 2687-8410 DOI: 10.33552/ACCS.2019.01.000518