Cislunar Omnidirectional Optical Terminal for Fast Connectivity and Accurate Navigation

J. Velazco
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Abstract

This paper discusses the development of an omnidirectional optical terminal (OOT) that will provide fast connectivity and navigation information to small spacecraft forming a swarm or a constellation in cislunar space. The cislunar OOT operates at 1550nm, employs a dodecahedron body holding 6 optical telescopes and 20 external arrays of detectors for angle-of-arrival determination. The cislunar OOT will provide full sky (4π steradian) coverage and gigabit connectivity among smallsats forming a swarm or constellation (e.g., LunaNet). The OOT will also provide continuous positional information among these spacecraft including bearing, elevation, and range. We also envision the OOT to provide fast low-latency connectivity to assets on the surface of the moon such as landers, rovers, instruments, and astronauts. In this paper we will present results of a thorough study of the cislunar OOT architecture including key factors that affect angular accuracy and available ranging techniques suitable for accurate range calculation. We also present design details that will lead to successful OOT prototype construction and testing. We believe that, once fully developed, the OOT will provide commercial, high data rate connectivity and navigation to future scientific, military, and commercial missions around cislunar space and beyond.
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用于快速连接和精确导航的顺月全向光终端
本文讨论了一种全向光终端(OOT)的研制,该终端将为地月空间中形成群或星座的小型航天器提供快速连接和导航信息。顺月望远镜的工作波长为1550nm,采用一个十二面体体,容纳6个光学望远镜和20个外部探测器阵列,用于确定到达角。地月OOT将提供全天空(4π直角)覆盖和千兆连接,形成一个群集或星座(例如,月球网)的小卫星。OOT还将提供这些航天器之间的连续位置信息,包括方位、仰角和距离。我们还设想OOT为月球表面的资产(如着陆器、漫游者、仪器和宇航员)提供快速、低延迟的连接。在本文中,我们将介绍对地月OOT体系结构的深入研究结果,包括影响角精度的关键因素和适用于精确距离计算的可用测距技术。我们还介绍了将导致OOT原型构建和测试成功的设计细节。我们相信,一旦全面开发,OOT将为未来的科学、军事和商业任务提供商业、高数据速率连接和导航,围绕地月空间和更远的空间。
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