Level change of prostate-specific antigen in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia after transurethral prostatic resection

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the values of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) before and after transurethral prostatic resection (TURP) surgery and the corresponding correlation with the resection extent through short and long-term changes of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) of patient's serum PSA after TURP. Materials and Methods: Data were abstracted from a retrospective sampling study of 209 cases of BPH patients. The values of serum PSA level were measured preoperatively and at specified periods after TURP surgery; 5 days, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. These periods were correlated with the resection extent. Results: Quantitative PSA values were collected before and after the surgical procedure at the time periods. The decrease of PSA value was observed 5 days after surgery when compared with preoperative PSA value, which is about 4.42 ± 8.78 ng/mL while 35% decrease was reported following a month after surgery. Moreover, PSA levels in these five periods were significantly different (P < 0.01), and the value of PSA >4 ng/mL group is still higher than the group of PSA ≤4 ng/mL after the decrease. Resection extent of TURP: The mean differences between real removal quality and the quality, according to the prostate ultrasonography, should be removed, which is expressed in ± standard deviations. The value of the total sample is −0.941 ± 9.56 ng/mL. Values in the group of PSA ≤4 ng/mL and PSA >4 ng/mL are 0.13 ± 10.53 and −3.83 ± 5.41, respectively. There appears to be a positive correlation between the variations of PSA and the resection extent (P < 0.01, R = 0.91). In addition, a positive correlation was confirmed between the variations of PSA and the resection extent in the group of PSA ≤4 ng/mL and PSA >4 ng/mL (P < 0.01, R 1 = 0.986, R 2 = 0.924). Conclusion: A downward trend is demonstrated here in PSA after TURP. The PSA value lowered to a normal level in about 1 month. The interesting point is that there is an inverse relationship between the larger size of the resection and the decrease in PSA values. Thus, missed and misdiagnoses of prostate cancer could be reduced with the long-term follow-up of BPH patients' postoperative levels of serum after TURP. In regards to patients whose preoperative PSA >4 ng/mL, monitoring standards should be taken according to their postoperative PSA baseline when measuring their results of prostate needle biopsies and the diagnosis of prostatic cancer.