Review on quick response codes in the field of information security (Analysis of various imperceptibility characteristics on grayscale and binary QR code

Abstract

This paper discusses about the detailed study of Quick Response (QR) codes, their Structures and the current state-of-the-art, in which how the Quick Response Codes are used in the field of Information security. Our Study also examines the various imperceptibility characteristics such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, Mean Square Error, Average Difference, Maximum Difference, Normalized Absolute Error based on pixel value based data hiding technique and the findings are presented. This approach gives the best image quality measures between the Cover QR and the Stego QR, as the secret data has been embedded to its best matching pixel value of the cover QR code.