Late Sarmatian Swords and Daggers from the Burials of the Berezovsky Kurgan Burial Ground

Valerij Berezutskij
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Abstract

Introduction. One of the main types of Sarmatian weapons is bladed weapons, represented by daggers and swords. The relatively small number of Late Sarmatian burials in the forest-steppe Podonye determines the importance of publishing new materials – daggers and swords. Materials. The materials for the analysis were artifacts (iron daggers and swords) discovered during the study of kurgan burial ground 4 near the village of Berezovka in the Vorobyevsky district of the Voronezh region (left bank of the Middle Don). In four of the seven burials examined, bladed weapons were found. The dead were buried under separate mounds in elongated rectangular pits and chambers clogged with continental clay. The heads of the buried were directed to the southern sector (three burials) and to the east-northeast (one burial). Bladed weapons were located according to the tradition of the Scythians and Sarmatians – at the right hand with the tip to the extremities of the legs. Methods. The study used a comparative typological method that allowed us to distinguish the found daggers and swords into a separate type of bladed weapons; the method of analogies, which was used to compare the type with similar finds in the Sarmatian culture; and the chronological method, which made it possible to attribute the discovered blades to the late Sarmatian culture. Analysis. During the analysis of artifacts, typical signs of bladed weapons characteristic of the late Sarmatian culture were identified; although the time of their appearance belongs to the early and Middle Sarmatian periods, their chronological framework was determined (mid-2nd – 4th centuries AD). A dagger and a sword were found together in two burials. Results. All burials in which bladed weapons were found belong to men (age range from 25–30 years to 35–40 years). Judging by the available data, the joint occurrence of a dagger and a sword in the burial may indicate in favor of the opinion that there are burials of professional soldiers in the burial ground.
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别列佐夫斯基库尔干墓地的晚期萨尔马提亚剑和匕首
介绍。萨尔马西亚武器的主要类型之一是有刃的武器,以匕首和剑为代表。在森林草原Podonye,相对较少的晚期萨尔马西亚墓葬决定了出版新材料——匕首和剑的重要性。材料。用于分析的材料是在沃罗涅日地区(中顿河左岸)沃罗比耶夫斯基区别列佐夫卡村附近的库尔干墓地研究期间发现的人工制品(铁匕首和剑)。在调查的七处墓葬中,有四处发现了带刃武器。死者被埋在不同的土堆下,埋在细长的长方形坑和塞满大陆粘土的墓室里。被埋葬者的头颅被安置在南边(三个墓葬)和东北偏东(一个墓葬)。根据斯基泰人和萨尔马提亚人的传统,有刃的武器被放置在右手,尖端到腿的末端。方法。这项研究使用了比较类型学方法,使我们能够将发现的匕首和剑区分为一种单独的有刃武器;类比法,用来将这种类型与萨尔马西亚文化中的类似发现进行比较;以及时间顺序法,这使得将发现的刀片归因于晚期的萨尔马西亚文化成为可能。分析。在对文物的分析过程中,发现了晚期萨尔马西亚文化特征的典型刃形武器的迹象;虽然它们出现的时间属于早期和中期的萨尔马时期,但它们的时间框架是确定的(公元2 - 4世纪中期)。在两次墓葬中发现了一把匕首和一把剑。结果。所有发现有刃武器的墓葬都属于男性(年龄在25-30岁到35-40岁之间)。根据现有资料判断,在墓葬中同时出现一把匕首和一把剑,可能表明该墓葬中有职业军人的墓葬。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
91
审稿时长
7 weeks
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