An adolescent case of Kawasaki disease after Japanese en­ceph­a­li­tis vaccination

Abstract

Kawasaki disease （KD） is a systemic vasculitis syndrome that predominantly affects infants. In Japan, more than 10,000 people are diagnosed with KD annually, and the number is increasing. However, its etiology remains unidentified. In this report, we describe a KD case that developed after Japanese encephalitis vaccination in an adolescent boy. The patient was a generally healthy 14-year-old boy who experienced fever and erythematous extremities 11h after Japanese encephalitis vaccination. Initially, his symptoms were followed up as an adverse reaction to the vaccination. However, his symptoms did not improve, and on day 4 of the fever, he exhibited five of six major symptoms of KD. After intravenous administration of immunoglobulin and acetylsalicylic acid, his symptoms gradually resolved. Although KD development after vaccination in adolescents is rare, it should be considered a differential diagnosis.