Behind gold for pepper: The players and the game of Indo-Mediterranean trade

IF 1.7 1区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Journal of Global History Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI:10.1017/s1740022823000165
Jeremy A. Simmons
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Abstract

Abstract This article offers a fresh approach to the study of ‘Indo-Roman’ trade by defining the ‘players’ of the ‘game’ of Indian Ocean commerce in the early centuries of the Common Era. Numerous specialized personnel hailing from the Mediterranean, Near East, and Indian subcontinent were involved in the movement, processing, and sale of Indian Ocean commodities. Players throughout the ancient world formed principal-agent relationships, corporate structures, and diaspora communities based on shared heritage and profession to facilitate their efforts. These tactics lowered the transaction costs of commerce arising from a combination of factors: the seasonal monsoon winds restricting wind-powered travel; the asymmetry of information for traders operating abroad without a strong support network; and state interventions (e.g. targeted infrastructure projects and tariffs). Certain individuals attained competitive advantages by cooperating with states to regulate the very commerce in which they engaged (e.g. tax-farmers).
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黄金换胡椒的背后:印度-地中海贸易的参与者和游戏
本文通过定义公元早期几个世纪印度洋商业“游戏”中的“玩家”,为研究“印度-罗马”贸易提供了一种新的方法。许多来自地中海、近东和印度次大陆的专业人员参与了印度洋商品的运输、加工和销售。古代世界的玩家基于共同的遗产和职业形成了委托代理关系、公司结构和侨民社区,以促进他们的努力。这些策略降低了由多种因素引起的商业交易成本:季节性季风限制了风力旅行;没有强大支持网络的海外交易员的信息不对称;以及政府干预(例如有针对性的基础设施项目和关税)。某些个人通过与国家合作来规范他们所从事的商业活动而获得竞争优势(例如,纳税农民)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.30%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: Journal of Global History addresses the main problems of global change over time, together with the diverse histories of globalization. It also examines counter-currents to globalization, including those that have structured other spatial units. The journal seeks to transcend the dichotomy between "the West and the rest", straddle traditional regional boundaries, relate material to cultural and political history, and overcome thematic fragmentation in historiography. The journal also acts as a forum for interdisciplinary conversations across a wide variety of social and natural sciences. Published for London School of Economics and Political Science
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