Revealing the development of local hollowings in rinnenkarren using field data (Totes Gebirge, Austria) and simulation of different numbers of channel junction

IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Acta Carsologica Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI:10.3986/ac.v52i1.10832
Zoltán Mitre, Márton Veress, György Deák
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Abstract

The development of emerging hollowing parts of the main channels of rinnenkarren systems at tributary channel junctions is interpreted in this study using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. In the field, data from cross-sections of 505 local hollowings with one or more tributary channel junctions were investigated. The shift in the width–depth ratio of the local hollowings was studied as the number of junctions and the size of the hollowing changed. Flow was simulated through CFD in digital model channels, and the nature of the resulting vorticity was interpreted. Field data show that local hollowings emerging in the main channels of the channel systems at the junctions. In the main channels, when only a few tributary channels join in the vicinity of each other, local hollowings deepen during their growth and, most often, gradually become pits (depth is larger than width), as the morphometric analysis suggests. As the number of tributary channels increases, the local hollowing may develop into a kamenitza (width is larger than depth). The model experiment suggests the explanation that more tributary channel junctions result in more extensive vorticity, which contributes to the lateral extension (widening) of this channel section. The distance of the tributary junctions from each other also influences the downstream dimension of the local hollowing. In the field, the larger this distance, the more separated the local hollowings induced by individual tributaries. The model experiment suggests that this may occur because the intense vorticity generated by individual junctions becomes increasingly sectionalized as the tributary channel density decreases.
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利用野外数据(奥地利Totes Gebirge)和不同数量沟道结的模拟揭示rinnenkarren局部空穴的发展
本研究利用计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟解释了支流河道交汇处rinnenkarren系统主河道新兴空化部分的发展。在现场,研究了505个具有一个或多个支流通道结的局部空穴的横截面数据。研究了局部空穴的宽深比随结数和空穴尺寸的变化而变化。通过CFD在数字模型通道中模拟了流动,并解释了产生的涡度的性质。现场资料显示,在河道系统的主要河道交汇处出现了局部空穴。形态计量学分析表明,在主河道中,当只有少数支流河道在彼此附近连接时,局部空洞在生长过程中加深,大多数情况下逐渐变成凹坑(深度大于宽度)。随着支流河道数量的增加,局部的空化可能发展成宽大于深的卡门尼察。模型实验表明,更多的支流通道结导致更广泛的涡量,这有助于该通道断面的横向延伸(加宽)。支流连接点之间的距离也会影响局部空化的下游尺寸。在田间,这个距离越大,个别支流引起的局部空穴越分散。模型实验表明,这可能是因为随着支流通道密度的减小,单个结点产生的强烈涡量变得越来越分割。
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来源期刊
Acta Carsologica
Acta Carsologica 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
14.30%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Karst areas occupy 10-20 % of ice-free land. Dissolution of rock by natural waters has given rise to specific landscape and underground. Karst surface features and caves have attracted man''s curiosity since the dawn of humanity and have been a focus to scientific studies since more than half of millennia. Acta Carsologica publishes original research papers and reviews, letters, essays and reports covering topics related to specific of karst areas. These comprise, but are not limited to karst geology, hydrology, and geomorphology, speleology, hydrogeology, biospeleology and history of karst science.
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