蘇軾〈諸葛亮論〉相關議題評析

Abstract

蘇軾於〈諸葛亮論〉非常強調要全其「仁義」，反對諸葛亮「仁義、詐力雜用」，之後還「失機」、錯失了進攻曹魏政權的契機。其論點置諸傳統的諸葛亮相關論述場域中，具有相當特殊的地位。然而，翻新出奇的同時亦陷入標新立異的危機，致使該文的諸多論述頗有值得商議的空間。例如將身份不同的曹操視作諸葛亮的對照組、論述諸葛亮時往往過度強調其負面形象、趁曹操過世之際離間曹丕兄弟的「失機」說未免樂觀等等。後世雖不乏迴響，但亦有反對其說法者，尤其明代王世貞甚至以專文一一進行批駁。鑒於目前研究尚未較完整地梳理該文，及其相關言論、評價；本文即試圖較周全地進行探討，尤其著眼於蘇軾該文立論的特殊處，透過追溯史料以思量論述之得失。

 

Su Shi ’ Zhuge Liang theory ’ emphasizes the moral point of view, and criticized Zhuge Liang missed the opportunity attack Cao Wei regime. The argument is quite special status, also quite amazing. However, it also has negative effect. The opposition is more obvious, especially in the Ming Dynasty Wang Shih-chen even special article to refute him. In view of research is fragmented, we attempted to thoroughly explore the content. Focus on the central idea and view of history. Through tracing historical practice, consider the gains and losses.