Wearable technology metrics are associated with energy deficiency and psychological stress in elite swimmers

IF 1.5 4区 教育学 Q3 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI:10.1177/17479541231206424
Emily A. Lundstrom, Mary Jane De Souza, Kristen J. Koltun, Nicole C.A. Strock, Hannah N. Canil, Nancy I. Williams
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Abstract

Energy deficiency (ED) and psychological stress affect athlete health. Given the emerging capabilities of wearable technology, the purpose of this study was to explore associations of wearable technology metrics in relation to lab-based measures of ED and psychological stress. We investigated the associations between (a) wearable-derived heart rate variability (HRV), resting heart rate (RHR), exercise strain and recovery, and (b) laboratory-derived measures of metabolism (resting metabolic rate (RMR), total triiodothyronine (TT 3 )) and a validated stress assessment (Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ)-52 items) in NCAA swimmers ( n = 23, 10 male, 13 female) during heavy training. Swimmers were grouped by degree of metabolic adaption to ED using the ratio of actual-to-predicted RMR (utilizing the validated cutoff of <0.94) and by sex. Metabolically suppressed swimmers had lower HRV (81 ± 27 ms vs.110 ± 35 ms, p = 0.04). HRV correlated positively with RMR (kcal·kg LBM −1 ·day −1 ; where LBM stands for lean body mass) ( r = 0.45; p = 0.03). HRV was negatively correlated with sport-specific ( r = −0.46; p = 0.03) and total stress ( r = −0.46; p = 0.03). In males, HRV correlated negatively with general stress ( r = −0.72; p = 0.02) and total stress ( r = −0.74, p = 0.01) (RESTQ). Additionally, in males only, the strain was correlated positively with RESTQ recovery–stress balance ( r = 0.69; p = 0.03), and negatively correlated with general stress ( r = −0.81, p = 0.01), and sport stress ( r = −0.89, p < 0.01). No correlations between HRV, RHR, strain or recovery, and stress variables were observed in females. Associations between wearable technology measures of HRV, RHR, strain, and recovery with validated measures of ED and psychological stress should continue to be explored with a focus on underlying mechanisms and moderating influences of biological sex.
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可穿戴技术指标与优秀游泳运动员的能量缺乏和心理压力有关
能量缺乏(ED)和心理压力影响运动员的健康。鉴于可穿戴技术的新兴能力,本研究的目的是探讨可穿戴技术指标与ED和心理压力的实验室测量之间的联系。我们研究了(a)可穿戴设备衍生的心率变异性(HRV)、静息心率(RHR)、运动应变和恢复之间的关系,以及(b)实验室衍生的代谢测量(静息代谢率(RMR)、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT 3))和经过验证的压力评估(运动员恢复压力问卷(RESTQ)-52项)在NCAA游泳运动员(n = 23, 10名男性,13名女性)的高强度训练中。游泳者按照代谢适应ED的程度进行分组,使用实际与预测RMR的比值(使用验证的截断值<0.94)和性别。代谢抑制游泳者HRV较低(81±27 ms vs 110±35 ms, p = 0.04)。HRV与RMR呈正相关(kcal·kg LBM−1·day−1;其中LBM为瘦体重)(r = 0.45;P = 0.03)。HRV与运动特异性呈负相关(r = - 0.46;P = 0.03)和总应力(r = - 0.46;P = 0.03)。在男性中,HRV与一般压力呈负相关(r = - 0.72;p = 0.02)和总应力(r = - 0.74, p = 0.01) (RESTQ)。此外,仅在雄性中,菌株与RESTQ恢复-应激平衡呈正相关(r = 0.69;P = 0.03),与一般应激(r = - 0.81, P = 0.01)、运动应激(r = - 0.89, P <0.01)。在女性中,HRV、RHR、应变或恢复和应激变量之间没有相关性。应继续探索可穿戴技术测量HRV、RHR、应变和恢复与ED和心理应激的有效测量之间的关联,重点关注潜在机制和生理性别的调节影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
15.80%
发文量
208
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching is a peer-reviewed, international, academic/professional journal, which aims to bridge the gap between coaching and sports science. The journal will integrate theory and practice in sports science, promote critical reflection of coaching practice, and evaluate commonly accepted beliefs about coaching effectiveness and performance enhancement. Open learning systems will be promoted in which: (a) sports science is made accessible to coaches, translating knowledge into working practice; and (b) the challenges faced by coaches are communicated to sports scientists. The vision of the journal is to support the development of a community in which: (i) sports scientists and coaches respect and learn from each other as they assist athletes to acquire skills by training safely and effectively, thereby enhancing their performance, maximizing their enjoyment of the sporting experience and facilitating character development; and (ii) scientific research is embraced in the quest to uncover, understand and develop the processes involved in sports coaching and elite performance.
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