Biological control of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma harzianum against Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae induced wilt in tomato plants

IF 2.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI:10.1186/s41938-023-00737-5
A. Meddad-Hamza, F. Benzina, C. Meddad, N. Hamza, A. Reghmit, H. Ziane, H. Ksentini
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Abstract

Abstract Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma harzianum are effective bioagents against Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae in tomato plants. The objective of the research was to evaluate the in vivo antagonistic activity of AMF and T. harzianum against Verticillium and Fusarium wilt by enhancing the growth and resistance of tomato plants. A completely randomized experimental design was used, consisting of twelve treatments with nine replicates for each treatment. The treatments included combinations of AMF and T. harzianum inoculation, infection or non-infection by F. oxysporum and V. dahliae, while also considering individual and combined treatments. Mycorrhization rates, growth parameters, disease severity, disease progression, and the impact on disease mitigation were evaluated. Results The study revealed the superiority of AMF over T. harzianum , resulting in a significant enhancement in the overall extent of mycorrhizal colonization in tomato plants co-inoculated with T. harzianum . Moreover, AMF treatments and the AMF + T. harzianum consortium contributed to the improvement in growth among all plants infected with V. dahliae and F. oxysporum . Both AMF and T. harzianum significantly reduced the progression of Fusarium wilt, resulting in reductions of 45.14 and 44.91%, respectively, than the untreated plants infected with F. oxysporum (initial disease severity of 75.54%). T. harzianum demonstrated greater efficacy in reducing V. dahliae infection, with a reduction of 34.45% compared to 28.26% for AMF, starting from an initial disease severity of 69.85%. Thus, T. harzianum demonstrated greater effectiveness in controlling disease, particularly Verticillium wilt. Conclusion The target application of disease control methods in tomato plants revealed the effectiveness of both AMF and T. harzianum in mitigating Fusarium wilt. Furthermore, T. harzianum demonstrated a higher level of effectiveness against Verticillium wilt. These findings emphasize the potential of AMF and T. harzianum as sustainable alternatives in agriculture, providing a viable option to decrease dependence on fungicides.
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丛枝菌根真菌和哈茨木霉对番茄尖孢镰刀菌和大丽黄萎病的生物防治
摘要背景丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)和哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)是防治番茄尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)和大丽黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae)的有效生物制剂。本研究的目的是通过对番茄植株生长和抗性的增强,评价AMF和哈氏霉对黄萎病和枯萎病的体内拮抗活性。采用完全随机试验设计,共12个处理,每个处理9个重复。处理方法包括AMF与哈兹菌联合接种、尖孢镰刀菌与大丽花镰刀菌感染或未感染,同时考虑单独和联合处理。评估菌根率、生长参数、疾病严重程度、疾病进展以及对疾病缓解的影响。结果AMF在与哈兹菌共接种的番茄植株中具有优于哈兹菌的优势,菌根定殖总体程度显著提高。此外,AMF处理和AMF +哈兹纳姆组合对大丽花弧菌和尖孢弧菌侵染植株的生长均有促进作用。AMF和hazianum均显著降低了枯萎病的进展,与未处理的植株相比,分别降低了45.14%和44.91%(初始疾病严重程度为75.54%)。从初始疾病严重程度为69.85%开始,哈茨芽孢杆菌在降低大丽花弧菌感染方面表现出更大的功效,与AMF相比,降低34.45%,而AMF为28.26%。因此,哈氏分枝杆菌在控制疾病,特别是黄萎病方面表现出更大的效果。结论番茄病害防治方法的目标应用表明,AMF和哈兹菌对番茄枯萎病均有防治效果。此外,哈兹菌对黄萎病有较高的防治效果。这些发现强调了AMF和哈茨芽孢杆菌作为农业可持续替代品的潜力,为减少对杀菌剂的依赖提供了可行的选择。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
16.70%
发文量
128
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control is a periodic scientific journal published by the Egyptian Society for Biological Control of Pests (ESBCP) in collaboration with SpringerNature. The journal aims to publish internationally peer-reviewed, high-quality research articles in the field of biological and integrated pest control (non-chemical control). The journal publishes review articles, original papers, conference reports, book reviews, editorials, laboratory reports, technical notes and short communications.
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