Heterosis studies in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

None S NEELIMA, None K G PARAMESHWARAPPA
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Abstract

Thirty single cross sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids produced were subjected to mid parent, better parent and standard heterosisstudies using three checks, viz., KBSH 1, KBSH 44 and GK 2002. The cross CMS 234 A x RHA-95-C-1 recorded the highest heterosis of 104.01% over better parent for seed yield which was followed by CMS 234 A x RHA-6D-1 and CMS 234 A x RHA-271 with 86.06 and 85.15%, respectively. None of the experimental hybrids could surpass the standard heterosis over checks KBSH-1 and GK 2002 for seed yield and oil content. However, three hybrids CMS 17 A x RHA-6D-1 (13.82), DCMS 51 A x R-298 (12.85), DCMS 51 A x RHA-272 (9.81) and 18 crosses where RHA-6D-1 and RHA-271 were used as male parents in combination with CMS 234 A, CMS 4546 A and DCMS 51 A showed significant heterosis over the check KBSH-44 for seed yield and oil content, respectively. The highest heterosis in the cross CMS 234 A x RHA-95-C-1 can be assigned to contribution of heterosis from component characters such as hull content, per cent seed filling and number of filled seeds/head.
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向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)杂种优势研究
采用kbsh1、kbsh44和gk2002三种检测方法,对30个向日葵单交杂交种进行了中亲本、优亲本和标准杂种优势的研究。在种子产量上,CMS 234 A与rhaa -95- c -1的杂种优势最高,为104.01%,其次是CMS 234 A与rhaa - 6d -1和CMS 234 A与rhaa -271的杂种优势,分别为86.06和85.15%。通过对KBSH-1和GK 2002的籽粒产量和含油量的检验,试验杂交种均不能超过标准杂种优势。然而,3个杂交组合CMS 17 A × rhad - 6d -1(13.82)、DCMS 51 A × R-298(12.85)、DCMS 51 A × rhad -272(9.81)和18个以rhad - 6d -1和rhad -271为父本与CMS 234 A、CMS 4546 A和DCMS 51 A分别在籽粒产量和含油量上比KBSH-44表现出显著的杂种优势。杂交品种CMS 234a × RHA-95-C-1杂种优势最高,可归因于籽粒含量、结实率和结实数等组成性状对杂种优势的贡献。
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