Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: A case report

Abstract

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) represent severe neurodegenerative conditions which is one of the lysosomal storage disorders. There are four main clinical forms of NCL among which late infantile variety is the second most common form of NCL. Here, we discuss a case concerning a boy aged 5 years and 4 months who exhibited a continuous decline in cognitive and motor functions starting from the age of 4. As the disorder advanced, he experienced gradual deterioration of his eyesight, unsteady walking and myoclonic seizures. An electroencephalogram performed on the child demonstrated widespread instances of sharp and slow wave discharges alongside a slowed background activity. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed extensive cerebral and noticeable cerebellar degeneration. A skin biopsy extracted from the armpit area displayed distinctive eosinophilic inclusions within the cells and structures in the eccrine ducts which stained positively for periodic acid-Schiff. These findings indicated a possibility of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 174-177