An Overview of Thiazole Derivatives and Its Biological Activities

Abstract

Thiazole, one of the most common five-membered heterocyclic compounds, has a nitrogen atom at position 3 and a sulfur atom at position 1, and many of its natural and synthetic derivatives exhibit different biological behaviour. Thiazole ring substituents are modified for drug discovery and development to create new molecules with potent biological activity. To assist other researchers in developing new molecules of thiazole derivatives with more potent biological activity, this review article describes thiazole chemistry, thiazole synthesis pathways, and their biological activities. This review article aims to define the structural and biological importance of thiazoles in drug development and discovery, with recent publications on various compounds containing thiazole rings and their diverse biological activities. In particular, attention has been paid to heterocyclic scaffolds, which belong to a class of compounds with proven utility in medicinal chemistry.