Influence of the early-age length change of alkali-activated slag mortars on the corrosion of embedded steel

IF 4.7 3区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI:10.1080/21650373.2023.2260794
Segundo Shagñay, Asunción Bautista, Francisco Velasco, Irene Ramón-Álvarez, Manuel Torres-Carrasco
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The length change during the curing of these mortars can generate high stresses that are released through the formation of microcracks or cracks in their structure. Cracks can act as preferential diffusion paths for aggressive chloride ions and favor the corrosion of the reinforcement. The aim of the present work is to study the reduction in shrinkage that can be achieved for AAS using five different activators: NaOH 4 M, waterglass (WG) with two different SiO2/Na2O molar ratios (MR) and Na2CO3 solution without and with 10% MgO additions. The results reveal that AAS activated with Na2CO3 shows very reduced microcracking. The addition of expansive MgO completely eliminates microcracking but makes the mortar more porous. In the latter case, the pits become much smaller and potentially less dangerous than the ones appearing in the other studied mortars.HighlightsAlkali-activated slag mortars manufactured in five different ways (Na2O fixed ratio) are tested.Shrinkage behavior of mortars is related to the corrosion of the embedded steel.Cyclic immersions in NaCl favour chloride diffusion and precipitation in reinforced mortars.Pit morphologies are related to Cl- transport through cracks, microcracks or/and porosity.WG (0.8 SiO2/Na2O MR) or Na2CO3 are promising options to activate slag for carbon steel-reinforced mortars.Keywords: Alkali-activated slagshrinkagecrackingdurabilitycorrosionchlorides Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors have been able to carry out the present research thanks to financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades of Spain (RTI2018-096428-B-I00 and PID2021-125810OB-C22) and the Madrid Regional Government (Comunidad de Madrid) under the Multiannual UC3M Agreement in the line of “Fostering Young Doctors’ Research” (HORATSO-CS-UC3M) within the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation).Notes on contributorsSegundo ShagñaySegundo Shagñay: Post-doctoral researcher in Materials Science and Engineering at University Carlos III of Madrid. 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At present, he is also working on functionalized organic coatings to improve corrosion and wear properties.Irene Ramón-ÁlvarezIrene Ramón-Álvarez: She is a PhD candidate in Materials Science and Engineering at University Carlos III of Madrid. Her work is focused on producing eco-efficient cementitious materials that avoid the use of Portland cement, since its manufacture entails a large amount of associated emissions. These eco-efficient materials are for implementation in solar thermal power plants as a thermal solid storage medium.Manuel Torres-CarrascoManuel Torres-Carrasco: He is Assistant Professor at the Materials Science and Engineering Department of University Carlos III of Madrid. His research focuses on the preparation of new cementitious materials through alkali activation of different natural products. 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Abstract

AbstractAlkali-activated slag (AAS) materials are one of the most promising alternatives to ordinary Portland cement (PC), as the AAS curing process does not require thermal activation, unlike the activation of other wastes. In addition, AAS exhibit lower porosity than PC, but experience shrinkage problems that can negatively affect their in-service implementation and durability. Shrinkage can directly impact the mechanical properties of AAS as well as the corrosion protection of steel reinforced structures in environments with chlorides, and be a factor affecting durability. The length change during the curing of these mortars can generate high stresses that are released through the formation of microcracks or cracks in their structure. Cracks can act as preferential diffusion paths for aggressive chloride ions and favor the corrosion of the reinforcement. The aim of the present work is to study the reduction in shrinkage that can be achieved for AAS using five different activators: NaOH 4 M, waterglass (WG) with two different SiO2/Na2O molar ratios (MR) and Na2CO3 solution without and with 10% MgO additions. The results reveal that AAS activated with Na2CO3 shows very reduced microcracking. The addition of expansive MgO completely eliminates microcracking but makes the mortar more porous. In the latter case, the pits become much smaller and potentially less dangerous than the ones appearing in the other studied mortars.HighlightsAlkali-activated slag mortars manufactured in five different ways (Na2O fixed ratio) are tested.Shrinkage behavior of mortars is related to the corrosion of the embedded steel.Cyclic immersions in NaCl favour chloride diffusion and precipitation in reinforced mortars.Pit morphologies are related to Cl- transport through cracks, microcracks or/and porosity.WG (0.8 SiO2/Na2O MR) or Na2CO3 are promising options to activate slag for carbon steel-reinforced mortars.Keywords: Alkali-activated slagshrinkagecrackingdurabilitycorrosionchlorides Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors have been able to carry out the present research thanks to financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades of Spain (RTI2018-096428-B-I00 and PID2021-125810OB-C22) and the Madrid Regional Government (Comunidad de Madrid) under the Multiannual UC3M Agreement in the line of “Fostering Young Doctors’ Research” (HORATSO-CS-UC3M) within the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation).Notes on contributorsSegundo ShagñaySegundo Shagñay: Post-doctoral researcher in Materials Science and Engineering at University Carlos III of Madrid. His work is focused on the study of durability of new ecological materials as alternatives to ordinary Portland cement.Asunción BautistaAsunción Bautista: She is Full Professor at the Materials Science and Engineering Department of University Carlos III of Madrid. Her area of expertise is corrosion and durability of metallic materials. She has carried out aqueous corrosion and oxidation studies, mainly focused on electrochemical characterization of carbon steels and stainless steels for construction applications.Francisco VelascoFrancisco Velasco: He is Full Professor at the Materials Science and Engineering Department of University Carlos III of Madrid. His area of expertise includes ribbed stainless steels and carbon steels for concrete, delving into the influence of processing and microstructure on corrosion mechanisms. At present, he is also working on functionalized organic coatings to improve corrosion and wear properties.Irene Ramón-ÁlvarezIrene Ramón-Álvarez: She is a PhD candidate in Materials Science and Engineering at University Carlos III of Madrid. Her work is focused on producing eco-efficient cementitious materials that avoid the use of Portland cement, since its manufacture entails a large amount of associated emissions. These eco-efficient materials are for implementation in solar thermal power plants as a thermal solid storage medium.Manuel Torres-CarrascoManuel Torres-Carrasco: He is Assistant Professor at the Materials Science and Engineering Department of University Carlos III of Madrid. His research focuses on the preparation of new cementitious materials through alkali activation of different natural products. Moreover, his experience entails the study of Portland cement systems (pastes, mortars, and concretes).
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碱渣砂浆早期龄期长度变化对预埋钢腐蚀的影响
摘要:活性矿渣(AAS)材料是普通硅酸盐水泥(PC)最有前途的替代品之一,因为与其他废物的活化不同,AAS固化过程不需要热活化。此外,AAS具有比PC更低的孔隙率,但存在收缩问题,这可能会对其在使用中的实施和耐久性产生负面影响。在含氯化物的环境中,收缩直接影响AAS的力学性能和钢结构的防腐性能,是影响耐久性的一个因素。这些砂浆在养护过程中的长度变化会产生高应力,这些应力通过在其结构中形成微裂纹或裂缝而释放出来。裂纹可以作为侵略性氯离子的优先扩散路径,有利于增强材料的腐蚀。本工作的目的是研究使用五种不同的活化剂:NaOH 4 M,具有两种不同SiO2/Na2O摩尔比(MR)的水玻璃(WG)和不添加和添加10% MgO的Na2CO3溶液,可以实现AAS收缩的减少。结果表明,Na2CO3活化后的AAS微裂纹明显减小。膨胀MgO的加入完全消除了微裂缝,但使砂浆更具多孔性。在后一种情况下,坑变得小得多,潜在的危险性比其他研究的迫击炮小得多。对五种不同方式(Na2O固定比)生产的碱活性矿渣砂浆进行了试验。砂浆的收缩性能与预埋钢的腐蚀有关。在NaCl中循环浸泡有利于氯化物在增强砂浆中的扩散和沉淀。坑的形态与Cl-通过裂纹、微裂纹或孔隙的输运有关。WG (0.8 SiO2/Na2O MR)或Na2CO3是碳钢增强砂浆活化渣的理想选择。关键词:碱活化矿渣收缩开裂耐久性腐蚀氯化物披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。其他信息资金:作者能够开展本研究,得益于西班牙科学部长、Innovación、西班牙大学(RTI2018-096428-B-I00和PID2021-125810OB-C22)和马德里地区政府(马德里社区)在“培养年轻医生研究”(HORATSO-CS-UC3M)的多年UC3M协议下的财政支持。segundo ShagñaySegundo Shagñay:马德里卡洛斯三世大学材料科学与工程博士后研究员。他的工作重点是研究作为普通硅酸盐水泥替代品的新型生态材料的耐久性。Asunción BautistaAsunción Bautista:她是马德里卡洛斯三世大学材料科学与工程系的全职教授。她的专业领域是金属材料的腐蚀和耐久性。她进行了水腐蚀和氧化研究,主要集中在用于建筑应用的碳钢和不锈钢的电化学表征。Francisco Velasco:他是马德里卡洛斯三世大学材料科学与工程系的全职教授。他的专业领域包括混凝土用带肋不锈钢和碳钢,深入研究加工和微观结构对腐蚀机制的影响。目前,他也在研究功能化有机涂层,以改善腐蚀和磨损性能。Irene Ramón-ÁlvarezIrene Ramón-Álvarez:她是马德里卡洛斯三世大学材料科学与工程专业的博士候选人。她的工作重点是生产生态高效的胶凝材料,避免使用波特兰水泥,因为它的生产需要大量的相关排放。这些具有生态效益的材料可作为热固体储存介质应用于太阳能热电厂。Manuel Torres-Carrasco:他是马德里卡洛斯三世大学材料科学与工程系的助理教授。他的研究重点是通过碱活化不同的天然产物来制备新型胶凝材料。此外,他的经验还涉及波特兰水泥系统(浆料、砂浆和混凝土)的研究。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
15.90%
发文量
71
期刊介绍: The Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials aims to publish theoretical and applied researches on materials, products and structures that incorporate cement. The journal is a forum for discussion of research on manufacture, hydration and performance of cement-based materials; novel experimental techniques; the latest analytical and modelling methods; the examination and the diagnosis of real cement and concrete structures; and the potential for improved cement-based materials. The journal welcomes original research papers, major reviews, rapid communications and selected conference papers. The Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials covers a wide range of topics within its subject category, including but are not limited to: • raw materials and manufacture of cement • mixing, rheology and hydration • admixtures • structural characteristics and performance of cement-based materials • characterisation techniques and modeling • use of fibre in cement based-materials • degradation and repair of cement-based materials • novel testing techniques and applications • waste management
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