On the Rules of Applying Fertilizers to Red Soils

Abstract

The article presents research results of applying mineral fertilizers to red soils. The research aimed at increasing productivity in low productive red soils, definition of optimal volume of fertilizer costs, developing the recommendations for fertilization. The agrochemical indicators were studied before applying fertilizers, also after three years since the beginning of tests. There are some changes in agrochemical indicators because of fertilization. Total nitrogen content, soil acidity indicators and a sum of absorbed bases has also remained the same. Hydrolysed nitrogen and exchangeable potassium content has been slightly increased. It was revealed that application of phosphorus fertilizers in the soils with poor phosphorus content (phosphorus oxide P2O5 < 30 mg/100 g) with phosphorus P180 kg/ha nitrogen N300 potassium K100 increases productivity. It is recommended to apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers during winter digging. In the soils with low phosphorus pentoxide, an optimal dose of nitrogen is 200 kg/ha. It is advisable to apply nitrogen fertilizer - 60% from March 1st to April 1st, and the rest 40% - in July. The research also revealed that phosphorus fertilizers shall be applied once in three years with dosage 540 kg/ha. This significantly decreases the costs.