Confronting Leptospirosis: A Tropical Illness Presenting with Thrombotic Microangiopathy and Multiorgan Dysfunction

Abstract

This case report outlines the presentation and clinical course of a 28-year-old lady with previously unremarkable health, who developed symptoms including fever, headache, gastrointestinal distress, and jaundice. Her condition rapidly deteriorated, culminating to multisystem involvement in the form of severe anaemia, acute kidney injury, thrombocytopenia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The aetiology was confirmed as leptospirosis. Despite optimum therapeutic measures, including mechanical ventilation and plasmapheresis in view of suspected thrombotic microangiopathy, the patient succumbed to the complications of severe ARDS. This case underscores the imperative of early identification and tailored management strategies for intricate multi-system involvement in conditions like leptospirosis.