Алгоритм проведения обследований систем холодного и горячего водоснабжения жилых зданий

Н. А. Макиша, В. А. Чухин
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, there is a wide variety of methods for monitoring the condition of pipeline systems which require a different set of equipment. However, these methods are not applied for internal water supply systems due to restrictions on pipe diameters and complicated availability of communications Materials and methods. To assess the corrosion activity of water and determine the possibility of calcium carbonate release, various indices can be used: Langelier, Risner, Snow-Jackson, etc. When monitoring water supply systems with signs of corrosion using an electron microscope, it was found that the composition of the corrosive sediment contains a large amount of zinc, and, in some cases, copper. The essence of the proposed method is that a preliminary prepared steel indicator sample cut from an uncoated pipe was placed in a container under a stream of cold or hot water in the investigated water supply system made of galvanized steel pipes (including copper-containing fittings and heat exchangers), the sample was kept under the stream for 3–4 hours until the formation of surfaces of firmly attached corrosion products (sediment). Results. Fistulas were found on horizontal sections, on turns, in places where pipelines are welded. When laying pipes in parallel in a horizontal plane, it is necessary to bypass the pipes located next to the risers, which leads to the appearance of U-shaped or U-shaped contours of horizontally laid pipes. The most obvious reason for abnormally rapid corrosion in horizontally arranged pipelines with a U-shaped connection scheme of risers is the low speed of water movement. At low velocity of water flow in pipes with a change in the direction of water movement from horizontal to vertical and down, air will accumulate on the horizontal section of the main pipeline, while sediment will accumulate on the horizontal section going to the riser. Conclusions. The experience of the survey of water supply systems of buildings shows that, first of all, it is necessary to assess the impact of water quality on corrosion of pipelines according to stability indices, which in some cases can provide an answer to the possibility of abnormally rapid corrosion.
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住宅建筑冷热供水系统调查算法
介绍。目前,有各种各样的方法来监测管道系统的状态,需要一套不同的设备。然而,由于管道直径的限制以及通信材料和方法的复杂可用性,这些方法不适用于内部供水系统。为了评价水的腐蚀活性,确定碳酸钙释放的可能性,可以使用多种指标:Langelier、Risner、Snow-Jackson等。当使用电子显微镜监测有腐蚀迹象的供水系统时,发现腐蚀性沉积物的成分含有大量的锌,在某些情况下还含有铜。所提出的方法的实质是,将从未涂覆的管道上切下的初步制备的钢指示样品放入容器中,置于由镀锌钢管(包括含铜接头和热交换器)制成的所研究的供水系统的冷水或热水流下,样品在水流下保持3-4小时,直到形成牢固附着的腐蚀产物(沉积物)表面。结果。在水平段、转弯处和管道焊接处发现了瘘管。在水平面平行敷设管道时,需要绕过位于立管旁边的管道,这导致水平敷设的管道出现u形或u形轮廓。水平布置立管u型连接方式的管道发生异常快速腐蚀的最明显原因是水的运动速度过慢。在管道中水流速较低时,水流方向由水平向垂直向下变化,空气在主管道的水平段积聚,泥沙在流向立管的水平段积聚。结论。建筑物供水系统调查的经验表明,首先,需要根据稳定性指标来评估水质对管道腐蚀的影响,在某些情况下,稳定性指标可以为异常快速腐蚀的可能性提供答案。
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