The Significance and Burden of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Interviews with Two Leading Experts

Abstract

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the family Herpesviridae. This virus can remain dormant in the body over a long period after initial infection. Transmission of CMV occurs through direct contact with bodily fluids, such as saliva, urine, blood, semen, and breast milk, from individuals who are actively shedding the virus in these bodily fluids. CMV is extremely common and is found throughout all geographical locations and socioeconomic groups. Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the most common congenital infection globally and has potentially severe consequences for infants; however, there is little awareness of cCMV infection among pregnant females, families, and healthcare professionals (HCP). For this article, EMJ conducted interviews in March 2023 with two leading experts: Christine E. Jones from the University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, UK; and Megan Pesch from the C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA, and the National CMV Foundation, Tampa, Florida, USA, both of whom have a wealth of experience and expertise in the management of cCMV. The experts gave valuable insights into topics such as the impact of cCMV infection on infants and their families and on public health; and screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cCMV infection. The experts also explored the potential complications of cCMV, particularly sensorineural hearing loss, the importance of prevention of maternal infection, and strategies to raise awareness of cCMV infection among HCPs and the public. In addition, Pesch provided a patient advocate perspective on the consequences of cCMV infection, sharing their experience of how cCMV has impacted their child, themself, and their family.