Non-Traumatic Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in the Field of HIV: A Series of 22 Cases in the Visceral and Digestive Surgery Department of the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to describe the epidemiological-clinical and therapeutic aspects of abdominal surgical emergencies on the ground of HIV in the department of visceral and digestive surgery of the prefectural hospital of Siguiri. Method: This was a descriptive prospective study which concerned patients operated on for abdominal surgical emergencies in the field of HIV, carried out in the visceral and digestive surgery department of the Siguiri prefectural hospital. Results: Out of a total of 88 cases of abdominal surgical emergencies operated on during our study, we collected 22 cases on HIV ground, i.e. 25%. The female sex dominated, including 14 women against 8 men, i.e. a sex ratio of 0.6 with an average age of 35 years. Miners were the most affected socio-professional layer, i.e. 31.80%, followed by traders and housewives, i.e. 27.30% each. HIV type I affected 77.27% against 22.73%. There were 41% of our patients who knew their serological status among which 66.66% were on ARV treatment and 33.33% were not on ARV treatment. The symptomatology was dominated by abdominal pain in 100% followed by fever in 77.27%. Appendicitis accounted for 40.09% followed by generalized acute peritonitis in 31.82%. The management was medico-surgical with pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative resuscitation. The average length of hospitalization was 7 days. The postoperative course was favorable in 45.45%, we recorded 36.36% parietal suppuration and the mortality rate was 13.64%. Conclusion: Abdominal surgical emergencies in the field of HIV remain a major health problem in terms of care. The clinical pictures are dominated by acute appendicitis and generalized acute peritonitis.