Dílny na výrobu neolitické kamenné broušené industrie pohledem archeologického experimentu (okruh metabazitu typu Jizerské hory)

Abstract

TICHÝ, Radomír. Workshops for production of Neolithic stone polished industry from the point of view of archaeological experiment (area of metabasite type Jizerské hory). In Studia Historica Nitriensia, 2023, vol. 27, Supplementum 3 – V hore strom, pp. 12-24, ISSN 1338-7219, DOI: 10.17846/SHN.2023.27.S.12-24. The aim of this article is to contribute to a better understanding of the phenomenon of so-called workshops for production of Neolithic stone polished tools. During the author’s series of experiments making roughouts by knapping, a new model range of old production waste was created. It showed that we cannot compare it to the original remains of so-clled production in settlements, as these are published in a very unequal way. For various reasons it therefore cannot be used for a quantitative assessment, for a definition of workshops based on an accumulation of roughouts and waste. Therefore, the author proceeded with quantitative assessment of two important Neolithic assemblages of stone polished industry (Hněčeves, Bylany). He assessed them through the view of experience from extensive archaeological experiments (knapping, chipping, cutting, polishing drilling), which were fundamentally supplemented by the recent experiments from the production phase of knapping of metabasite of Jizerské hory type. He thus newly defines what is presumed to be evidence of secondary production on Neolithic settlements. Especially the role of hammerstones/grinders/hammers and often apparent production waste. While a number of propositions from this work is probably applicable to the wider region of central Europe, the author proceeds from the area of working metabasite of Jizerské hory type. Kľúčové slová: metabazit typu Jizerské hory, neolit, dílny, kamenné broušené nástroje