Alyssa C Clews, Brandon A Ulch, Monika Jesionowska, Jun Hong, Robert T Mullen, Yang Xu
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Plant oils represent a large group of neutral lipids with important applications in food, feed and oleochemical industries. Most plants accumulate oils in the form of triacylglycerol within seeds and their surrounding tissues, which comprises three fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone. Different plant species accumulate unique fatty acids in their oils, serving a range of applications in pharmaceuticals and oleochemicals. To enable the production of these distinctive oils, select plant species have adapted specialized oil metabolism pathways, involving differential gene co-expression networks and structurally divergent enzymes/proteins. Here, we summarize some of the recent advances in our understanding of oil biosynthesis in plants. We compare expression patterns of oil metabolism genes from representative species, including Arabidopsis thaliana, Ricinus communis (castor bean), Linum usitatissimum L. (flax) and Elaeis guineensis (oil palm) to showcase the co-expression networks of relevant genes for acyl metabolism. We also review several divergent enzymes/proteins associated with key catalytic steps of unique oil accumulation, including fatty acid desaturases, diacylglycerol acyltransferases and oleosins, highlighting their structural features and preference toward unique lipid substrates. Lastly, we briefly discuss protein interactomes and substrate channeling for oil biosynthesis and the complex regulation of these processes.
期刊介绍:
Plant & Cell Physiology (PCP) was established in 1959 and is the official journal of the Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP). The title reflects the journal''s original interest and scope to encompass research not just at the whole-organism level but also at the cellular and subcellular levels.
Amongst the broad range of topics covered by this international journal, readers will find the very best original research on plant physiology, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular genetics, epigenetics, biotechnology, bioinformatics and –omics; as well as how plants respond to and interact with their environment (abiotic and biotic factors), and the biology of photosynthetic microorganisms.