Cáncer de mama con receptores hormonales positivos: tratamiento adyuvante, primera línea en cáncer metastásico y nuevas estrategias (inhibición de mTOR)

Abstract

Breast cancer is known to be the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the main cause of death in women worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated that most these cancers are positive for estrogen and/or progesterone receptors, which represent a constant risk for late recurrence. Hormone therapy has been the first systemic treatment that has proven to be effective in patients who express positive hormone receptors. Until recent years, tamoxifen and ovarian suppression were the best hormone therapies available both for adjuvance and advanced disease. Aromatase inhibitors, as well as the new mTOR pathway inhibitors, have driven an important advance in the treatment of breast cancer by improving survival and disease-free interval for these patients. In this article, we make a review of these treatments and the studies that have supported them, as well as their potential adverse effects.