{"title":"Linoleate-Containing Acylglucosylceramide, Acylceramide, and Events Associated with Formation of the Epidermal Permeability Barrier.","authors":"Philip W Wertz","doi":"10.1159/000535049","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Linoleate-containing acylglucosylceramide (GLC-CER[EOx], where x = sphingosine [S], dihydrosphingosine [dS], phytosphingosine (P), or 6-hydroxysphingosine [H]) in the viable epidermis serve as the precursors to the linoleate-containing acylceramides (CER[EOx]) in the stratum corneum (SC) and the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE), both of which are essential for the barrier function of the skin.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>CLE formation and envelope maturation take place across the SC. Hypoxic conditions in the epidermis and anaerobic glycolysis with the production of lactic acid are important in proper SC barrier formation.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>CLE formation takes place across the SC. Its formation from linoleate-containing GLC-CER[EOx] requires lipoxygenase action, but anaerobic conditions leading to lactate production and hypoxia-inducible factors are essential for proper barrier formation. A number of unanswered questions are raised regarding formation of the CLE and the epidermal permeability barrier.</p>","PeriodicalId":21748,"journal":{"name":"Skin Pharmacology and Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"225-234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Skin Pharmacology and Physiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535049","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/11/30 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"DERMATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Linoleate-containing acylglucosylceramide (GLC-CER[EOx], where x = sphingosine [S], dihydrosphingosine [dS], phytosphingosine (P), or 6-hydroxysphingosine [H]) in the viable epidermis serve as the precursors to the linoleate-containing acylceramides (CER[EOx]) in the stratum corneum (SC) and the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE), both of which are essential for the barrier function of the skin.
Summary: CLE formation and envelope maturation take place across the SC. Hypoxic conditions in the epidermis and anaerobic glycolysis with the production of lactic acid are important in proper SC barrier formation.
Key message: CLE formation takes place across the SC. Its formation from linoleate-containing GLC-CER[EOx] requires lipoxygenase action, but anaerobic conditions leading to lactate production and hypoxia-inducible factors are essential for proper barrier formation. A number of unanswered questions are raised regarding formation of the CLE and the epidermal permeability barrier.
期刊介绍：
In the past decade research into skin pharmacology has rapidly developed with new and promising drugs and therapeutic concepts being introduced regularly. Recently, the use of nanoparticles for drug delivery in dermatology and cosmetology has become a topic of intensive research, yielding remarkable and in part surprising results. Another topic of current research is the use of tissue tolerable plasma in wound treatment. Stimulating not only wound healing processes but also the penetration of topically applied substances into the skin, this novel technique is expected to deliver very interesting results.
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