Endophytic bacteria Klebsiella spp. and Bacillus spp. from Alternanthera philoxeroides in Madiwala Lake exhibit additive plant growth-promoting and biocontrol activities.

IF 3.6 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI:10.1186/s43141-023-00620-8
Soma Biswas, Indhu Philip, Saranya Jayaram, Suma Sarojini
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Abstract

Background: The worldwide increase in human population and environmental damage has put immense pressure on the overall global crop production making it inadequate to feed the entire population. Therefore, the need for sustainable and environment-friendly practices to enhance agricultural productivity is a pressing priority. Endophytic bacteria with plant growth-promoting ability and biocontrol activity can strongly enhance plant growth under changing environmental biotic and abiotic conditions. Herein, we isolated halotolerant endophytic bacteria from an aquatic plant, Alternanthera philoxeroides, from the polluted waters of Madiwala Lake in Bangalore and studied their plant growth promotion (PGP) and biocontrol ability for use as bioinoculant.

Results: The isolated bacterial endophytes were screened for salt tolerance ranging from 5 to 15% NaCl concentration. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed halotolerant up to 10% NaCl and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis showed up to 15%. All three strains demonstrated good PGP abilities such as aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, phosphate solubilization, ammonia production, and nitrogen fixation. In addition, K. pneumoniae also exhibited high indoleacetic acid (IAA) production (195.66 ± 2.51 µg/ml) and potassium solubilization (2.13 ± 0.07 ppm). B. amyloliquefaciens and B. subtilis showed good extracellular enzyme production against cellulase, lipase, protease, and amylase. Both the isolates showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against the tested organisms. The optimization of IAA production by K. pneumoniae was done by the response surface methodology (RSM) tool. Characterization of IAA produced by the isolate was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. The enhanced plant growth-promoting ability of K. pneumoniae was also demonstrated using various growth parameters in a pot trial experiment using the seeds of Vigna unguiculata.

Conclusion: The isolated bacterial endophytes reported in this study can be utilized as PGP promotion and biocontrol agents in agricultural applications, to enhance crop yield under salinity stress. The isolate K. pneumoniae may be used as a biofertilizer in sustainable agriculture and more work can be done to optimize the best formulations for its application as a microbial inoculant for crops.

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Madiwala湖植物中产的内生细菌Klebsiella spp.和Bacillus spp.表现出促进植物生长和生物防治的活性。
背景:世界范围内人口的增加和环境的破坏给全球作物生产带来了巨大的压力,使其无法养活所有人口。因此,迫切需要采用可持续和环境友好的做法来提高农业生产力。内生细菌具有植物生长促进能力和生物防治活性,能在不断变化的环境生物和非生物条件下强烈促进植物生长。本研究从印度班加罗尔Madiwala湖污染水体中分离出耐盐内生细菌Alternanthera philoxeroides,并研究了其作为生物接种剂的植物生长促进(PGP)和生物防治能力。结果:分离得到的内生细菌耐盐性在5% ~ 15% NaCl浓度范围内。肺炎克雷伯菌耐盐量达10%,解淀粉芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌耐盐量达15%。这三种菌株均表现出良好的PGP能力,如氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)脱氨酶活性、磷酸盐增溶、产氨和固氮能力。此外,肺炎克雷伯菌还表现出较高的吲哚乙酸(IAA)产量(195.66±2.51µg/ml)和钾的增溶性(2.13±0.07 ppm)。解淀粉芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌对纤维素酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶和淀粉酶均表现出良好的胞外产酶能力。这两种分离物对所测生物均表现出广谱的抗菌活性。采用响应面法(RSM)对肺炎克雷伯菌产IAA工艺进行优化。通过气相色谱-质谱分析(GCMS)对分离得到的IAA进行了表征。在不同生长参数的盆栽盆栽试验中,以马蹄铁种子为原料,证实了肺炎克雷伯菌对植物生长的促进作用。结论:本研究分离得到的细菌内生菌可作为促PGP和生物防治剂在盐碱胁迫下提高作物产量。分离出的肺炎克雷伯菌可作为可持续农业的生物肥料,并可进一步优化其作为作物微生物接种剂的最佳配方。
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