Production and preservation of organic carbon in sub-seafloor tephra layers

IF 3 3区 地球科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Marine Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI:10.1016/j.marchem.2023.104334
Jack Longman , Hayley R. Manners , Thomas M. Gernon , James McManus , Martin R. Palmer , Steven J. Rowland , Paul A. Sutton
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Abstract

The deposition of volcanic ash into the ocean initiates a range of chemical and biological reactions. During diagenesis, these reactions may enhance the preservation of organic carbon (OC) in marine sediments, which ultimately promotes CO2 sequestration from the ocean-atmosphere system. However, this interpretation is reliant on a small number of studies that make a link between tephra and OC burial. Here, we compare organic and inorganic geochemical data from tephra-bearing marine sediments from three sites that differ widely in their location, age, and composition. We show that OC is buried in, and proximal to, tephra layers, in proportions higher than would be expected via simple admixture of surrounding sediment. Our data indicate that this OC is preserved primarily through interactions with reactive iron phases, which act to physically protect the carbon from oxidation. Analysis of the composition of the OC associated with reactive iron indicates it is isotopically (consistently more negative δ13C than sediment) and chemically (comprised of compounds not found in the sediment) distinct from OC in the background sediments. We interpret this signal as indicating a microbial source of OC, with autochthonous OC production resulting from autotrophic microbial exploitation of nutrients supplied from tephra. This finding has implications for our understanding of carbon cycling on Earth, and possibly for the emergence of life in terrestrial and perhaps even extra-terrestrial environments.

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海底低温层中有机碳的产生和保存
火山灰在海洋中的沉积引发了一系列的化学和生物反应。在成岩作用过程中,这些反应可能会增强海洋沉积物中有机碳(OC)的保存,最终促进海洋-大气系统对CO2的封存。然而,这种解释依赖于将麻风与OC埋葬联系起来的少数研究。在这里,我们比较了来自三个地点的含tephra海洋沉积物的有机和无机地球化学数据,这些地点在位置、年龄和成分上存在很大差异。我们发现,OC被埋在温层和温层的近端,其比例高于通过周围沉积物的简单混合所预期的比例。我们的数据表明,这种OC主要是通过与活性铁相的相互作用而保存下来的,而活性铁相的作用是物理地保护碳不被氧化。与活性铁相关的OC组成分析表明,它在同位素上(始终比沉积物负δ13C)和化学上(由沉积物中未发现的化合物组成)与背景沉积物中的OC不同。我们将这一信号解释为OC的微生物来源,原生OC的产生是由自养微生物利用草本植物提供的营养物质产生的。这一发现对我们理解地球上的碳循环,以及陆地上甚至是地外环境中生命的出现具有重要意义。
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来源期刊
Marine Chemistry
Marine Chemistry 化学-海洋学
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
3.30%
发文量
70
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Marine Chemistry is an international medium for the publication of original studies and occasional reviews in the field of chemistry in the marine environment, with emphasis on the dynamic approach. The journal endeavours to cover all aspects, from chemical processes to theoretical and experimental work, and, by providing a central channel of communication, to speed the flow of information in this relatively new and rapidly expanding discipline.
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