Quantitative analysis for sweat-absorbing times of paper-based microfluidic chips

IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Microfluidics and Nanofluidics Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI:10.1007/s10404-023-02696-7
Heyue Huang, Chuanpei Xu, Peng Long, Yanzhang Chen, Xijun Huang, Zheng Liu, Hong Yang
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Abstract

Structures of paper-based microfluidic chips affect the sweat-absorbing time when they are used for sweat analysis. For the first time, we use COMSOL to establish two types of paper-based chip sweat-absorbing models that can quantitatively analyze this phenomenon. The standard model contains 1089 sweat glands, and the simplified model simplifies it according to the idea of finite element division, including 81 sweat glands. Sweat flows in from the bottom of the paper-based chip and out from the electrode contact surface (the upper surface of the central cylinder of the paper-based chip). Both models contain six paper-based chip structures, use Richards’ equation as the governing equation, set the outflow velocity to 0, and set the sweating rate of a sweat gland at 0.6 \(\mu\)L/min. In the standard model, it takes only 46 s for the paper-based structure with the fastest sweat-absorbing speed to completely saturate the electrode contact surface with sweat (meaning the sweat-absorbing time is 46 s), which is 13.06\(\%\) shorter than that of the slowest structure. In the simplified model, the top 3 structures of sweat-absorbing speed are consistent with the standard model. The simulation results show that the sweat-absorbing time is positively correlated with the H value of the bottom surface of the paper-based structure (defined as the area of the bottom surface /the area of sweat glands covered by the bottom surface), which can be proved by analytical and experimental methods. The analytical method proves that this conclusion can be generalized to other sweating rate conditions.

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纸基微流控芯片吸汗次数的定量分析
纸基微流控芯片在进行汗液分析时,其结构对吸汗时间有影响。我们首次使用COMSOL建立了两种纸基芯片吸汗模型,可以定量分析这一现象。标准模型包含1089个汗腺,简化模型根据有限元划分的思想进行简化,包括81个汗腺。汗液从纸基芯片的底部流入,从电极接触面(纸基芯片中心圆筒的上表面)流出。两种模型均包含6个基于纸张的芯片结构,采用Richards方程作为控制方程,将流出流速设为0,将汗腺排汗速率设为0.6 \(\mu\) L/min。在标准模型中,吸汗速度最快的纸基结构将汗水完全浸透电极接触面只需要46 s(即吸汗时间为46 s),比吸汗速度最慢的纸基结构缩短了13.06 \(\%\)。简化模型中吸汗速度的前3个结构与标准模型一致。仿真结果表明,吸汗时间与纸基结构底面的H值(定义为底面面积/底面覆盖的汗腺面积)呈正相关,可以通过分析和实验方法加以证明。分析方法证明,该结论可推广到其他出汗率条件。
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来源期刊
Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 工程技术-纳米科技
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.60%
发文量
97
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Microfluidics and Nanofluidics is an international peer-reviewed journal that aims to publish papers in all aspects of microfluidics, nanofluidics and lab-on-a-chip science and technology. The objectives of the journal are to (1) provide an overview of the current state of the research and development in microfluidics, nanofluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices, (2) improve the fundamental understanding of microfluidic and nanofluidic phenomena, and (3) discuss applications of microfluidics, nanofluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices. Topics covered in this journal include: 1.000 Fundamental principles of micro- and nanoscale phenomena like, flow, mass transport and reactions 3.000 Theoretical models and numerical simulation with experimental and/or analytical proof 4.000 Novel measurement & characterization technologies 5.000 Devices (actuators and sensors) 6.000 New unit-operations for dedicated microfluidic platforms 7.000 Lab-on-a-Chip applications 8.000 Microfabrication technologies and materials Please note, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics does not publish manuscripts studying pure microscale heat transfer since there are many journals that cover this field of research (Journal of Heat Transfer, Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, etc.).
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