Theory of mind in mild cognitive impairment and Parkinson's disease: The role of memory impairment.

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-04 DOI:10.3758/s13415-023-01142-z

Gianpaolo Maggi, Chiara Giacobbe, Carmine Vitale, Marianna Amboni, Ignacio Obeso, Gabriella Santangelo

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Abstract

Background: Social cognition is impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD). Whether social cognitive impairment (iSC) is a by-product of the underlying cognitive deficits in PD or a process independent of cognitive status is unknown. To this end, the present study was designed to investigate the weight of specific cognitive deficits in social cognition, considering different mild cognitive impairment subtypes of PD (PD-MCI).

Methods: Fifty-eight PD patients underwent a neuropsychological battery assessing executive functions, memory, language, and visuospatial domains, together with social cognitive tests focused on theory of mind (ToM). Patients were divided into subgroups according to their clinical cognitive status: amnestic PD-MCI (PD-aMCI, n = 18), non-amnestic PD-MCI (PD-naMCI, n = 16), and cognitively unimpaired (PD-CU, n = 24). Composite scores for cognitive and social domains were computed to perform mediation analyses.

Results: Memory and language impairments mediated the effect of executive functioning in social cognitive deficits in PD patients. Dividing by MCI subgroups, iSC occurred more frequently in PD-aMCI (77.8%) than in PD-naMCI (18.8%) and PD-CU (8.3%). Moreover, PD-aMCI performed worse than PD-CU in all social cognitive measures, whereas PD-naMCI performed worse than PD-CU in only one subtype of the affective and cognitive ToM tests.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that ToM impairment in PD can be explained by memory dysfunction that mediates executive control. ToM downsides in the amnesic forms of PD-MCI may suggest that subtle changes in social cognition could partly explain future transitions into dementia. Hence, the evaluation of social cognition in PD is critical to characterize a possible behavioral marker of cognitive decline.

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轻度认知障碍和帕金森病的心理理论:记忆障碍的作用。

背景:帕金森病(PD)患者的社会认知功能受损。社会认知障碍(iSC)是PD患者潜在认知缺陷的副产品，还是一个独立于认知状态的过程，目前尚不清楚。为此，本研究旨在探讨特定认知缺陷在社会认知中的权重，考虑PD- mci的不同轻度认知障碍亚型。方法:58例PD患者接受了执行功能、记忆、语言和视觉空间领域的神经心理学测试，以及以心理理论(ToM)为重点的社会认知测试。根据患者的临床认知状况将患者分为遗忘性PD-MCI (PD-aMCI, n = 18)、非遗忘性PD-MCI (PD-naMCI, n = 16)和认知未受损(PD-CU, n = 24)亚组。计算认知和社会领域的综合得分来进行中介分析。结果:记忆和语言障碍在PD患者社会认知障碍中介导执行功能的影响。按MCI亚组划分，PD-aMCI的iSC发生率(77.8%)高于PD-naMCI(18.8%)和PD-CU(8.3%)。此外，PD-aMCI在所有社会认知测试中的表现都不如PD-CU，而PD-naMCI仅在情感和认知ToM测试的一个亚型中表现不如PD-CU。结论:我们的研究结果表明，PD患者的ToM损伤可以通过介导执行控制的记忆功能障碍来解释。在PD-MCI的失忆形式中，ToM的缺陷可能表明，社会认知的微妙变化可能部分解释了未来向痴呆的转变。因此，PD患者的社会认知评估对于表征认知衰退的可能行为标志物至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience 医学-行为科学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.40%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience (CABN) offers theoretical, review, and primary research articles on behavior and brain processes in humans. Coverage includes normal function as well as patients with injuries or processes that influence brain function: neurological disorders, including both healthy and disordered aging; and psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression. CABN is the leading vehicle for strongly psychologically motivated studies of brain–behavior relationships, through the presentation of papers that integrate psychological theory and the conduct and interpretation of the neuroscientific data. The range of topics includes perception, attention, memory, language, problem solving, reasoning, and decision-making; emotional processes, motivation, reward prediction, and affective states; and individual differences in relevant domains, including personality. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience is a publication of the Psychonomic Society.