COVID-19. Biology, pathophysiology, and immunology: a pathologist view.

IF 4.4 Q1 PATHOLOGY PATHOLOGICA Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.32074/1591-951X-954
Marco Chilosi, Claudio Doglioni, Claudia Ravaglia, Sara Piciucchi, Alessandra Dubini, Lavinia Stefanizzi, Venerino Poletti
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Abstract

Even if the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been declared over, several risks and clinical problems remain to be faced, including long-COVID sequelae and possible outbreaks of pathogenic variants. Intense research on COVID-19 has provided in these few years a striking amount of data covering different fields and disciplines, which can help to provide a knowledge shield against new potential infective spreads, and may also potentially be applied to other fields of medicine, including oncology and neurology. Nevertheless, areas of uncertainty still remain regarding the pathogenic mechanisms that subtend the multifaceted manifestations of the disease. To better clarify the pathogenesis of the disease, a systematic multidisciplinary evaluation of the many mechanisms involved in COVID-19 is mandatory, including clinical, physiological, radiological, immunological and pathological studies. In COVID-19 syndrome the pathological studies have been mainly performed on autopsy cases, and only a few studies are available on biopsies. Nevertheless, these studies have provided relevant information that can substantially contribute to decipher the complex scenario characterizing the different forms of COVID-19 and long-COVID-19. In this review the data provided by pathological investigations are recapitulated and discussed, in the light of different hypothesis and data provided by clinical, physiological and immunological data.

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COVID-19.生物学、病理生理学和免疫学:病理学家的观点。
即使已宣布 SARS-CoV-2 大流行结束,但仍要面对一些风险和临床问题,包括长期 COVID 后遗症和可能爆发的病原体变种。在这几年中,对 COVID-19 的深入研究提供了大量数据,这些数据涵盖了不同领域和学科,有助于为防止新的潜在感染性传播提供知识防护,并有可能应用于其他医学领域,包括肿瘤学和神经病学。尽管如此,该疾病多方面表现的致病机制仍存在不确定性。为了更好地阐明该病的发病机制,必须对 COVID-19 所涉及的多种机制进行系统的多学科评估,包括临床、生理学、放射学、免疫学和病理学研究。在 COVID-19 综合征中,病理研究主要是在尸检病例中进行的,只有少数研究是在活检病例中进行的。不过,这些研究提供了相关信息,对解读 COVID-19 和长 COVID-19 不同形式的复杂情况有很大帮助。在本综述中,我们将根据临床、生理和免疫学数据提供的不同假设和数据,对病理学调查提供的数据进行回顾和讨论。
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来源期刊
PATHOLOGICA
PATHOLOGICA PATHOLOGY-
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
5.70%
发文量
108
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