Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Own-Rooted ‘Irwin’ Mango Trees Propagated by Air Layering in Pot Culture

IF 0.9 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Horticulture Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI:10.2503/hortj.qh-078
Masahiko Fumuro
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Abstract

To investigate the practicality of using own-rooted trees in pot culture, the growth, yield, and fruit quality of pot-planted ‘Irwin’ mango trees, propagated by air layering versus grafting, over an 11-year period after planting were measured. The trunk diameter of the own-rooted trees propagated by air layering was significantly smaller than that of the grafted trees propagated by conventional methods until six years of age, after which there was no significant difference between the two tree types. The trunk diameter of the own-rooted trees was significantly greater than that of the scion diameter of the grafted trees after seven years of age. The total length of green branches was significantly longer in the own-rooted trees than in the grafted trees after nine years, and the number of leaves was significantly greater on the own-rooted trees than the grafted trees after six years. The height of the own-rooted trees was 35 cm shorter than that of the grafted trees. The fresh and dry weights of the leaves, green branches, thick branches, scaffold branches, and fine roots of the own-rooted trees were significantly greater than those of the grafted trees. However, the fresh and dry weights of the trunks and thick roots of the own-rooted trees were significantly smaller than those of the grafted trees. The weights (fresh and dry) of the aboveground parts of whole own-rooted trees were significantly greater than those of the grafted trees, but the weights of the underground parts did not differ significantly between the two tree types. The T-R ratio (the weight of the aboveground part of the tree excluding the leaves/the weight of the underground part of the tree) of the own-rooted trees was significantly greater than that of the grafted trees. The yield per tree of the own-rooted trees was significantly lower than that of the grafted trees for two years after fruiting; however, this difference resolved after 10 years. The average yield per unit land area over nine years was 2.46 kg·m−2 for own-rooted trees and 2.32 kg·m−2 for grafted trees. The numbers of fruits per tree did not differ significantly between tree types, except during years 4 and 5. The average fruit weight did not differ significantly between the tree types up to nine years, with one exception in year 5. However, the average fruit weight of the own-rooted trees was significantly greater than that of the grafted trees after 10 years. Fruit quality did not differ significantly between the two tree types. Since the height of the own-rooted trees was shorter, and their growth and yield were equal or greater than those of the grafted trees, pot culture using own-rooted trees of ‘Irwin’ mango appears to be highly beneficial.

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自根“欧文”芒果树盆栽空气分层繁殖的生长、产量和果实品质
为探讨自根果树盆栽栽培的可行性,研究了盆栽“欧文”芒果树种植后11年的生长、产量和果实品质,分别采用空气分层繁殖和嫁接繁殖。在6岁之前,空分繁殖的自根树的树干直径显著小于常规方法繁殖的嫁接树,6岁之后两种树型之间的差异不显著。7岁后,自根树的树干直径显著大于嫁接树的接穗直径。9年后,自根树的绿枝总长度显著长于嫁接树,6年后自根树的叶数显著大于嫁接树。自根株比嫁接株高度低35 cm。自根树的叶片、绿枝、粗枝、支架枝和细根的鲜重和干重均显著大于嫁接树。而自根树的树干和粗根的鲜重和干重均显著小于嫁接树。全株自根树地上部分(鲜、干)质量显著大于嫁接树,地下部分(干、鲜)质量差异不显著。自根树的T-R比(树的地上部分不含叶片的重量/树的地下部分的重量)显著大于嫁接树。结果后2年,自根树单株产量显著低于嫁接树;然而,这种差异在10年后消失了。9年单位土地面积平均单产自根树2.46 kg·m−2,嫁接树2.32 kg·m−2。除第4年和第5年外,不同树种间的单株果实数无显著差异。除了第5年有一个例外,9年的平均果实重量在不同树种之间没有显著差异。但10年后,自根树的平均果实重显著大于嫁接树。果实品质在两种树种间无显著差异。由于自根树的株高较矮,且其生长和产量均等于或大于嫁接树,因此采用“欧文”芒果自根树盆栽是非常有益的。
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来源期刊
Horticulture Journal
Horticulture Journal HORTICULTURE-
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
8.30%
发文量
61
期刊介绍: The Horticulture Journal (Hort. J.), which has been renamed from the Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science (JJSHS) since 2015, has been published with the primary objective of enhancing access to research information offered by the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, which was founded for the purpose of advancing research and technology related to the production, distribution, and processing of horticultural crops. Since the first issue of JJSHS in 1925, Hort. J./JJSHS has been central to the publication of study results from researchers of an extensive range of horticultural crops, including fruit trees, vegetables, and ornamental plants. The journal is highly regarded overseas as well, and is ranked equally with journals of European and American horticultural societies.
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