Technical Evaluation of a Paper-Based Electrochemical Strip to Measure Nitrite Ions in the Forensic Field

IF 4.6 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL ACS Measurement Science Au Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI:10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00050
Ada Raucci, Antonella Miglione, Wanda Cimmino, Alessia Cioffi, Sima Singh, Michele Spinelli, Angela Amoresano, Giacomo Musile* and Stefano Cinti*, 
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Abstract

Nitrite is a compound used as a food additive for its preservative action and coloring capability, as well as an industrial agent for its antifreezing action and for preventing corrosion, and it is also used as a pharmaceutical in cyanide detoxification therapy. However, even recently, because of its high toxicity, it has been used as a murder and suicidal agent due to its affordability and ready availability. In this technical report, we describe an electrochemical paper-based device for selectively determining nitrite in complex biofluids, such as blood, cadaveric blood, vitreous humor, serum, plasma, and urine. The approach was validated in terms of the linearity of response, selectivity, and sensitivity, and the accuracy of the determination was verified by comparing the results with a chromatographic instrumental method. A linear response was observed in the micromolar range; the sensitivity of the method expressed as the limit of detection was 0.4 μM in buffer measurements. The simplicity of use, the portability of the device, and the performance shown make the approach suitable for detecting nitrite in complex biofluids, including contexts of forensic interest, such as murders or suicides in which nitrite is used as a toxic agent. Limits of detection of ca. 1, 2, 4, 5, 3, and 4 μM were obtained in vitreous humor, urine, serum and plasma, blood, and cadaveric blood, also highlighting a satisfactory accuracy comprised between 91 and 112%.

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在法医领域测量亚硝酸盐离子的纸质电化学条的技术评估
亚硝酸盐是一种化合物,可用作食品添加剂,具有防腐和着色作用,也可用作工业制剂,具有防冻和防腐蚀作用,还可用作氰化物解毒疗法的药物。不过,由于其毒性较强,最近还因其价格低廉、随时可用而被用作谋杀和自杀的毒剂。在本技术报告中,我们介绍了一种基于电化学纸的装置,用于选择性地测定复杂生物流体(如血液、尸体血液、玻璃体、血清、血浆和尿液)中的亚硝酸盐。该方法在反应线性、选择性和灵敏度方面都得到了验证,并通过与色谱仪器方法进行比较,验证了测定的准确性。在微摩尔范围内观察到了线性响应;在缓冲液测量中,该方法的灵敏度以检测限表示为 0.4 μM。该方法使用简单,设备便于携带,而且性能良好,因此适用于检测复杂生物流体中的亚硝酸盐,包括法医感兴趣的情况,如亚硝酸盐被用作毒剂的谋杀或自杀事件。在玻璃体、尿液、血清和血浆、血液以及尸体血液中的检测限分别为 1、2、4、5、3 和 4 μM,准确率在 91% 到 112% 之间,令人满意。
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来源期刊
ACS Measurement Science Au
ACS Measurement Science Au 化学计量学-
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: ACS Measurement Science Au is an open access journal that publishes experimental computational or theoretical research in all areas of chemical measurement science. Short letters comprehensive articles reviews and perspectives are welcome on topics that report on any phase of analytical operations including sampling measurement and data analysis. This includes:Chemical Reactions and SelectivityChemometrics and Data ProcessingElectrochemistryElemental and Molecular CharacterizationImagingInstrumentationMass SpectrometryMicroscale and Nanoscale systemsOmics (Genomics Proteomics Metabonomics Metabolomics and Bioinformatics)Sensors and Sensing (Biosensors Chemical Sensors Gas Sensors Intracellular Sensors Single-Molecule Sensors Cell Chips Arrays Microfluidic Devices)SeparationsSpectroscopySurface analysisPapers dealing with established methods need to offer a significantly improved original application of the method.
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