{"title":"The impact of questioning strategies on target language production and learner confidence","authors":"Angela Gardner, Karen Lichtman","doi":"10.1111/flan.12743","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated how questioning strategies impact language learner performance. Specifically, it explored how questioning strategies influence (i) verb production and subject–verb agreement in the target language, and (ii) learner confidence in completing tasks without translation software. Sixty-eight novice language learners enrolled in a high school Spanish I course participated. The students were divided into two groups. After a pretest, one group completed an activity with divergent (open-ended) questions, while the other group did the same activity with contingent (either/or) questions. Participants then completed a posttest and rated their temptation to use translation software. Writing on the pre- and posttests was evaluated for verb production, verb conjugation, and subject–verb agreement. Results show that as compared with divergent questions, contingent questions (i) help students produce significantly more conjugated verbs and more accurate subject/verb agreement, and (ii) significantly reduce the temptation to rely on translation software.</p>","PeriodicalId":47560,"journal":{"name":"Foreign Language Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Foreign Language Annals","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/flan.12743","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study investigated how questioning strategies impact language learner performance. Specifically, it explored how questioning strategies influence (i) verb production and subject–verb agreement in the target language, and (ii) learner confidence in completing tasks without translation software. Sixty-eight novice language learners enrolled in a high school Spanish I course participated. The students were divided into two groups. After a pretest, one group completed an activity with divergent (open-ended) questions, while the other group did the same activity with contingent (either/or) questions. Participants then completed a posttest and rated their temptation to use translation software. Writing on the pre- and posttests was evaluated for verb production, verb conjugation, and subject–verb agreement. Results show that as compared with divergent questions, contingent questions (i) help students produce significantly more conjugated verbs and more accurate subject/verb agreement, and (ii) significantly reduce the temptation to rely on translation software.
本研究调查了提问策略如何影响语言学习者的表现。具体来说，它探讨了提问策略如何影响 (i) 目标语言中的动词生成和主谓一致，以及 (ii) 学习者在没有翻译软件的情况下完成任务的信心。68 名就读于高中西班牙语 I 课程的新手语言学习者参加了此次研究。学生被分为两组。在前测之后，一组完成了带有发散性（开放式）问题的活动，而另一组则完成了带有或然性（非此即彼）问题的相同活动。然后，参与者完成一项后测，并对他们使用翻译软件的诱惑力进行评分。前测和后测的写作评估包括动词造句、动词变位和主谓一致。结果表明，与发散性问题相比，或然性问题（i）能帮助学生完成更多的动词连接和更准确的主谓一致；（ii）能显著减少对翻译软件的依赖。
期刊介绍：
Dedicated to the advancement of language teaching and learning, Foreign Language Annals (FLA) seeks to serve the professional interests of classroom instructors, researchers, and administrators concerned with the learning and teaching of languages at all levels of instruction. The journal welcomes submissions of the highest quality that report empirical or theoretical research on language learning or teaching, that describe innovative and successful practice and methods, and/or that are relevant to the concerns and issues of the profession. FLA focuses primarily on language education for languages other than English.
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