Spawning cohort trade-offs of reproductive time and output in cyprinid fish along an elevation gradient

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Ecology of Freshwater Fish Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI:10.1111/eff.12763
Xingchen Liu, Chengzhi Ding, Nick Bond, Jingrui Sun, Liuyong Ding, Jinnan Chen, Juan Tao
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Abstract

Understanding environmental requirements for fish reproduction in natural habitats is crucial for population conservation and restoration. However, such information is extremely scarce for the highly threatened schizothoracine fishes that cover large elevation ranges on the Tibetan Plateau. This research investigated the spawning time, output and environmental conditions of wild Schizopygopsis thermalis along an elevational gradient (i.e., from 1766 to 4372 m) in the upper Nu-Salween River. It found that the spawning grounds of S. thermalis were mainly located at elevations between 3600 and 4372 m, and spawning habitats mostly consist of still marginal areas (still water <10 cm deep) with gravel substrates. Otolith microstructure analysis revealed, for the first time, that S. thermalis spawns in two seasons (i.e., winter: from December to next February, and spring: from April to May), with the winter spawning period generally longer than the spring spawning period. Winter spawning started earlier and ended earlier at higher elevations, while spring spawning occurred earlier at lower elevations but ended simultaneously at higher elevations. As elevation increases, reproductive output also increases, and spawning cohorts shift from winter-dominant to spring-dominant. Winter spawning cohorts were associated with lower water temperatures but higher discharges than the spring spawning cohort, and both cohorts showed elevation-related environmental preferences. Our results suggest that schizothoracine fish can adapt spawning strategies to elevation-related environmental conditions, which fill the gaps in the reproductive characteristics of schizothoracine fishes, and highlight the importance of conserving schizothoracine habitats at high elevations in the Qinghai-Tibetan rivers.

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沿海拔梯度的鲤科鱼类产卵群对繁殖时间和产量的权衡
了解鱼类在自然栖息地繁殖的环境要求对种群保护和恢复至关重要。然而,对于覆盖青藏高原大海拔范围的高度受威胁的裂胸科鱼类,这些信息极其缺乏。本文研究了怒温江上游不同海拔梯度(1766 ~ 4372 m)野生热裂腹虫(Schizopygopsis thermalis)的产卵时间、产量和环境条件。研究发现,热斑鲟的产卵场主要分布在海拔3600 ~ 4372 m之间,产卵生境多为砾石基质的静止边缘区(静水<10 cm深)。耳石微观结构分析首次揭示了热斑海螺的两季产卵特征(冬季12月至次年2月,春季4月至5月),且冬季产卵期普遍长于春季产卵期。冬季产卵在高海拔地区开始较早,结束较早,而春季产卵在低海拔地区开始较早,在高海拔地区同时结束。随着海拔的升高,繁殖产量也会增加,产卵群体从冬季优势转向春季优势。与春季产卵群体相比,冬季产卵群体的水温较低,但排水量较高,而且这两个群体都表现出与海拔相关的环境偏好。研究结果表明,裂胸鱼能够适应海拔相关的环境条件,填补了裂胸鱼生殖特征的空白,同时也凸显了青藏河流高海拔地区保护裂胸鱼栖息地的重要性。
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来源期刊
Ecology of Freshwater Fish
Ecology of Freshwater Fish 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
45
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Ecology of Freshwater Fish publishes original contributions on all aspects of fish ecology in freshwater environments, including lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and streams. Manuscripts involving ecologically-oriented studies of behavior, conservation, development, genetics, life history, physiology, and host-parasite interactions are welcomed. Studies involving population ecology and community ecology are also of interest, as are evolutionary approaches including studies of population biology, evolutionary ecology, behavioral ecology, and historical ecology. Papers addressing the life stages of anadromous and catadromous species in estuaries and inshore coastal zones are considered if they contribute to the general understanding of freshwater fish ecology. Theoretical and modeling studies are suitable if they generate testable hypotheses, as are those with implications for fisheries. Manuscripts presenting analyses of published data are considered if they produce novel conclusions or syntheses. The journal publishes articles, fresh perspectives, and reviews and, occasionally, the proceedings of conferences and symposia.
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